Facile synthesis of effective Ru nanoparticles on carbon by adsorption-low temperature pyrolysis strategy for hydrogen evolution

Xu, Caili; Mei, Ming; Wang, Qi; Yang, Chun; Fan, Guangyin; Wang, Yi; Gao, Daojiang; Bi, Jian; Zhang, Yun

doi:10.1039/c8ta03572e

Cited by 96 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Nonsupported Ru‐based NPs have been prepared through a myriad of methods, such as the thermal decomposition/calcination of anhydrous RuO 2 , Ru salt, or a Ru complex; or through the electroreduction of a Ru salt, Ru perovskite‐type precursor, or Ru complex . However, the tailored synthesis and rational catalytic fine‐tuning of nonsupported Ru‐based NPs is not a simple matter.…”

Section: Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (Her)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ru‐HPC has also been tested in acidic media (0.5 m H 2 SO 4 ), but the obtained results are average among Ru‐based nanomaterial electrocatalysts (Table , entry 17). Comparable catalytic results, which outperform the HER activity of commercial Pt/C in alkaline solution, have been obtained by Zhang and co‐workers by using a catalyst made of 1.5 nm Ru NPs on C prepared by adsorption of [Ru 3 (CO) 12 ] on the C matrix followed by pyrolysis at 300 °C (Ru/C‐300) . In 1.0 m KOH, the Ru/C‐300 nanomaterial achieves values of η 0 ≈0 mV, η 10 =14 mV, and b =32.5 mV dec −1 (Table , entry 25), showing almost total stability after 1000 cycles, as a result of the deposition of Ru NPs onto the C matrix.…”

Section: Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (Her)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ruthenium Nanoparticles for Catalytic Water Splitting

et al. 2019

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Both global warming and limited fossil resources make the transition from fossil to solar fuels an urgent matter. In this regard, the splitting of water activated by sunlight is a sustainable and carbon‐free new energy conversion scheme able to produce efficient technological devices. The availability of appropriate catalysts is essential for the proper kinetics of the two key processes involved, namely, the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). During the last decade, ruthenium nanoparticle derivatives have emerged as true potential substitutes for the state‐of‐the‐art platinum and iridium oxide species for the HER and OER, respectively. Thus, after a summary of the most common methods for catalyst benchmarking, this review covers the most significant developments of ruthenium‐based nanoparticles used as catalysts for the water‐splitting process. Furthermore, the key factors that govern the catalytic performance of these nanocatalysts are discussed in view of future research directions.

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Section: Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (Her)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (Her)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ruthenium Nanoparticles for Catalytic Water Splitting

et al. 2019

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“…[4] In addition, hydrogen generation from catalytic hydrolysis of chemical hydrides has been well identifieda s another promising strategy.A mongt he chemicalh ydrides, ammonia borane (AB) has captured more attentiono wing to its featured advantages of high theoretical hydrogen capacity,e xcellent solubility and stability, and environmental safety, etc. [6] Compared with widely investigated earth-abundant non-precious electrocatalysts, Pt-based materials are stillt he state-ofthe-artc atalysts for hydrogen generation from electrolytic water splitting owing to their highc atalytic activity. [6] Compared with widely investigated earth-abundant non-precious electrocatalysts, Pt-based materials are stillt he state-ofthe-artc atalysts for hydrogen generation from electrolytic water splitting owing to their highc atalytic activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards High‐Efficiency Hydrogen Production through in situ Formation of Well‐Dispersed Rhodium Nanoclusters

Mei

et al. 2018

ChemSusChem

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Rh-based materials have emerged as potential candidates for hydrogen revolution from electrolyzing water or ammonia borane (AB) hydrolysis. Nevertheless, most of the catalysts still suffer from the complex synthetic procedures combined with limited catalytic activity. Additionally, the facile syntheses of Rh catalysts with high efficiencies for both electrochemical water splitting and AB hydrolysis are still challenging. Herein, we develop a simple, green, and mass-producible ion-adsorption strategy to produce a Rh/C pre-catalyst (pre-Rh/C). The ultrafine and clean Rh nanoclusters immobilized on carbon are achieved via the in situ reduction of the pre-Rh/C during the hydrogen-evolution process. The resulting in situ Rh/C catalyst presents an outstanding electrocatalytic performance with low overpotentials of 8 and 30 mV at 10 mA cm in 1.0 m KOH and 0.5 m H SO , respectively, outperforming the state-of-the-art Pt catalysts. Furthermore, the in situ Rh/C is also highly active for AB hydrolysis to produce hydrogen with a high turnover frequency of 1246 mol mol min at 25 °C. The in situ-formed ultrafine Rh nanoclusters are responsible for the observed superior catalytic performance. This facile in situ strategy to realize a highly active catalyst shows promise for practical applications.

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“…The origin of high electrocatalytic activity for Ru‐CN/MC was further evaluated by electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) via determining the capacitance of double layer (C dl ) in non‐Faradic region, which is linearly proportional to ECSA . As calculated from the CV data at scan rate of 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mV s −1 (Figure S5), Ru‐CN/MC possesses a C dl of 23.5 mF cm −2 based on the obtained slope of fitting line (Figure a).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanochemically Assisted Synthesis of Ruthenium Clusters Embedded in Mesoporous Carbon for an Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

et al. 2019

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Ruthenium (Ru) clusters are reported as efficient electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, a precise and facile synthetic protocol for preparing Ru clusters is still a challenge. Herein, a facile mechanochemically assisted strategy was proposed to synthesize ruthenium clusters embedded in mesoporous carbon (Ru‐CN/MC). Importantly, for the synthesis of Ru‐CN/MC, melamine was utilized not only as a capping agent to stabilize Ru clusters, but also to provide N sites for the carbon support. The well‐designed Ru‐CN/MC exhibits impressive HER performance in 1 M KOH, which shows an extremely low overpotential of 17 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2. More importantly, excellent long‐term electrochemical stability in both alkaline and acid electrolyte was achieved for Ru‐CN/MC. Therefore, the developed synthesis method for Ru clusters and the subsequent insightful investigations on the HER performance shed light on new opportunities for exploring highly efficient and renewable HER electrocatalysts.

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Facile synthesis of effective Ru nanoparticles on carbon by adsorption-low temperature pyrolysis strategy for hydrogen evolution

Abstract: Adsorption-low temperature pyrolysis of dodecacarbonyltriruthenium leads to the formation of small Ru NPs on carbon toward effective hydrogen evolution.

Cited by 96 publications

References 41 publications

Ruthenium Nanoparticles for Catalytic Water Splitting

Ruthenium Nanoparticles for Catalytic Water Splitting

Towards High‐Efficiency Hydrogen Production through in situ Formation of Well‐Dispersed Rhodium Nanoclusters

Mechanochemically Assisted Synthesis of Ruthenium Clusters Embedded in Mesoporous Carbon for an Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

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