Abstract:Biomass-derived O- and N-doped porous carbon has become one of the most competitive supercapacitor electrode material because of its renewability and sustainability.
“…This leads to an increase in the I D /I G ratio due to oxidation of the carbon which results in addition of oxygen functional groups in the Sb 2 O 4 /C composite. As a consequence of this, there is an increase in defect/disorder in the composite . This is beneficial in its application as anode material for Na ion battery since it has been reported that Na ions exhibit greater binding affinity towards these sites leading to better slope capacity in galvanostatic charge/discharge profiles .…”
The quest for better electrode materials for sodium ion battery (SIB) with high specific capacity, good rate capability and cyclability continues to be the prime focus area of research for practical applications of this technology. In this regard, Sb2O4 with its high theoretical capacity of 1227 mAh g−1 can be an excellent anode material for SIB but its poor electrical conductivity and low reversibility resulting from severe volume expansion of the material, mars its prospects considerably. Here, an attempt is being made to circumvent these drawbacks by forming a composite of sonochemically derived Sb2O4 nanorods with mesoporous disordered carbon. The disordered carbon is synthesized from Indian blackberry seed biowaste which makes it a low‐cost material. The disordered carbon, pristine Sb2O4 nanorods and Sb2O4/ disordered carbon composite is characterized using powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and electron microscopy techniques. The porosity of the materials which plays an important role in sodium ion transport, is analyzed using Brunauer‐Emmett‐Taylor (BET) method. The electrochemical measurements confirm improvement in properties for the composite anode compared to its pristine counterparts. At a current density of 0.1 Ag−1, the Sb2O4/C anode exhibits a high reversible capacity of 935 mAh g−1 which indicates a retention of 97.8 % of the initial charge capacity after 125 cycles. Our studies demonstrate that the disordered carbon obtained from Indian blackberry seed, helps in increasing electrical conductivity and retaining structural integrity of the Sb2O4/C anode which enhances its electrochemical properties.
“…This leads to an increase in the I D /I G ratio due to oxidation of the carbon which results in addition of oxygen functional groups in the Sb 2 O 4 /C composite. As a consequence of this, there is an increase in defect/disorder in the composite . This is beneficial in its application as anode material for Na ion battery since it has been reported that Na ions exhibit greater binding affinity towards these sites leading to better slope capacity in galvanostatic charge/discharge profiles .…”
The quest for better electrode materials for sodium ion battery (SIB) with high specific capacity, good rate capability and cyclability continues to be the prime focus area of research for practical applications of this technology. In this regard, Sb2O4 with its high theoretical capacity of 1227 mAh g−1 can be an excellent anode material for SIB but its poor electrical conductivity and low reversibility resulting from severe volume expansion of the material, mars its prospects considerably. Here, an attempt is being made to circumvent these drawbacks by forming a composite of sonochemically derived Sb2O4 nanorods with mesoporous disordered carbon. The disordered carbon is synthesized from Indian blackberry seed biowaste which makes it a low‐cost material. The disordered carbon, pristine Sb2O4 nanorods and Sb2O4/ disordered carbon composite is characterized using powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and electron microscopy techniques. The porosity of the materials which plays an important role in sodium ion transport, is analyzed using Brunauer‐Emmett‐Taylor (BET) method. The electrochemical measurements confirm improvement in properties for the composite anode compared to its pristine counterparts. At a current density of 0.1 Ag−1, the Sb2O4/C anode exhibits a high reversible capacity of 935 mAh g−1 which indicates a retention of 97.8 % of the initial charge capacity after 125 cycles. Our studies demonstrate that the disordered carbon obtained from Indian blackberry seed, helps in increasing electrical conductivity and retaining structural integrity of the Sb2O4/C anode which enhances its electrochemical properties.
“…N-Q can also contribute to electron transport 37 , 62 . In the fitting of O1s spectra, all samples that revealed two peaks at 531.3 eV and 533.2 eV were assigned to the C=O carbonyl- or quinone-type groups and C–OH phenol or C–O–C ether groups, respectively 18 , 42 , 63 . Figure 3 ( a ) XPS survey spectrum taken from the surface of N-CPC-800 sample.…”
In this work, nitrogen-doped porous carbons obtained from chitosan, gelatine, and green algae were investigated in their role as supercapacitor electrodes. The effects of three factors on electrochemical performance have been studied—of the specific surface area, functional groups, and a porous structure. Varying nitrogen contents (from 5.46 to 10.08 wt.%) and specific surface areas (from 532 to 1095 m2 g−1) were obtained by modifying the carbon precursor and the carbonization temperature. Doping nitrogen into carbon at a level of 5.74–7.09 wt.% appears to be the optimum for obtaining high electrochemical capacitance. The obtained carbons exhibited high capacitance (231 F g−1 at 0.1 A g−1) and cycle durability in a 0.2 mol L−1 K2SO4 electrolyte. Capacitance retention was equal to 91% at 5 A g−1 after 10,000 chronopotentiometry cycles. An analysis of electrochemical behaviour reveals the influence that nitrogen functional groups have on pseudocapacitance. While quaternary-N and pyrrolic-N nitrogen groups have an enhancing effect, due to the presence of a positive charge and thus improved electron transfer at high current loads, the most important functional group affecting energy storage performance is graphite-N/quaternary-N. The study points out that the search for the most favourable organic precursors is as important as the process of converting precursors to carbon-based electrode materials.
“…[ 55 ] It is important to note that OH or COC is beneficial to enhance the wettability of the electroactive material in the aqueous system. [ 56 ] Also, only the quinone‐type oxygen is electrochemically active in acidic medium (Equation (6) and (7)), [ 57 ] which will eventually contribute in improving the pseudocapacitance of the TLPC‐900 material. Similarly, the N 1s spectrum (Figure 3e) is deconvoluted into three individual peaks as graphitic‐N (403 eV), [ 58 ] prollic‐N (399.65 eV), and pyridinic‐N (397.43 eV).…”
Figure 6. a) CV and b) CD plots at different scan rates and current densities of fabricated SSC device. c) Plot of energy density versus power density (inset showing real-application of SSC device). d) Cyclic stability plot of fabricated SSC device based on TLPC-900.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
