Facile preparation of metallic vanadium from consumable V2CO solid solution by molten salt electrolysis

An, Jialiang; Wang, Mingyong; Jia, Yongzheng; Chen, Yunfei; Jiao, Shuqiang

doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121361

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 42 publications

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“…In comparison to the MOE method, this process achieves the direct electrolytic production of metals and alloys at lower temperatures ranging from 800 • C to 850 • C [19,20]. The use of solid metal oxides as cathodes in chloride molten salts for a direct electrochemical reduction to produce elemental metals has been applied in the extraction of various metals, including Fe [21,22], Ti [23], Cr [24,25], Al [26], V [27,28], Se [29], titanium-based [30][31][32][33][34], aluminum-based alloys [35,36], high-entropy alloys [37], etc. Research has shown that the addition of a small amount of CaO to CaCl 2 can significantly increase the rate of reduction and deoxidation [38][39][40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Influence of CaO on the Electrochemical Reduction of Fe2O3 in NaCl-CaCl2 Molten Salt

Li,

Song,

Liang

et al. 2023

Molecules

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The presence of calcium-containing molten salts in the electrolysis of oxides for metal production can lead to the formation of CaO and, subsequently, the generation of intermediate products, affecting the reduction of metals. To investigate the impact of CaO on the reduction process, experiments were conducted using a Fe2O3-CaO cathode and a graphite anode in a NaCl-CaCl2 molten salt electrolyte at 800 °C. The electrochemical reduction kinetics of the intermediate product Ca2Fe2O5 were studied using cyclic voltammetry and I-t curve analysis. The phase composition and morphology of the electrolysis products were analyzed using XRD, SEM-EDS, and XPS. The experimental results demonstrate that upon addition of CaO to the Fe2O3 cathode, Ca2Fe2O5 is formed instantly in the molten salt upon the application of an electrical current. Research conducted at different voltages, combined with electrochemical analysis, indicates that the reduction steps of Ca2Fe2O5 in the NaCl-CaCl2 molten salt are as follows: Ca2Fe2O5 ⟶ Fe3O4 ⟶ FeO ⟶ Fe. The presence of CaO accelerates the electrochemical reduction rate, promoting the formation of Fe. At 0.6 V and after 600 min of electrolysis, all of the Ca2Fe2O5 is converted into Fe, coexisting with CaCO3. With an increase in the electrolysis voltage, the electrolysis product Fe particles visibly grow larger, exhibiting pronounced agglomeration effects. Under the conditions of a 1 V voltage, a study was conducted to investigate the influence of time on the reduction process of Ca2Fe2O5. Gradually, it resulted in the formation of CaFe3O5, CaFe5O7, FeO, and metallic Fe. With an increased driving force, one gram of Fe2O3-CaO mixed oxide can completely turn into metal Fe by electrolysis for 300 min.

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