Facile preparation and separation performances of cellulose nanofibrous membranes

Abstract

Ultrafiltration (UF) is a size selective pressure‐driven membrane separation process increasingly required for high efficient water treatment and suspended solids removal in many industrial applications. This study examined the morphology of as‐prepared cellulose nanofibers and then utilized the nanofibers dispersion to fabricate nanofibrous nanoporous membranes with potential wide applications in various fields including water treatment. The nanofibers were prepared using a simple and powerful mechanical high intensity ultrasonication following a pre‐chemical treatment of α‐cellulose. The cellulose nanofibers’ morphology, crystallinity, and yield were found to be influenced by pre‐chemical treatment. Cellulose nanofibrous membranes were fabricated from cellulose nanofibers dispersion on a porous support. A nanoporous structure with an extensive interconnected network of fine cellulose nanofibers was formed on the support substrate. The resulting membranes exhibited typical and high‐efficient UF performances with high water fluxes of up to 2.75 103 L/m2/h/bar. The membranes also displayed high rejections for ferritin and 10 nm gold nanoparticles with a reactive surface area capable of rapidly decolorizing methylene blue from its aqueous solution. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43544.

Characterization of Polyester Nanocomposites Reinforced with Conifer Fiber Cellulose Nanocrystals

“…When considered significant, regression test was applied to obtain the models and analyze the estimate curves. 15,[20][21][22]. This indicates that after the alkaline pre-treatment of cellulose, used before acid hydrolysis to obtain the CNC, the native cellulose (type I) became cellulose II, which presents a more stable structure [15].…”

“…In this figure, the CNC presents a well-defined mixture of cellulose I and cellulose II polymorphs. The presence of cellulose type II is observed by characteristic peaks at 2θ = 12 • , 20 • and 22 • and cellulose type I due to the presence of peaks at 2θ = 14.5 • ; 17.5 • ; 22.0 • and 34.6 • [15,[20][21][22]. This indicates that after the alkaline pre-treatment of cellulose, used before acid hydrolysis to obtain the CNC, the native cellulose (type I) became cellulose II, which presents a more stable structure[15].…”

Biofabrication of multifunctional nanocellulosic 3D structures: a facile and customizable route

“…BNC has been studied both in its as-synthesized (Hassan et al, 2017) and mechanically disintegrated forms (Mautner et al, 2015) for membrane separation. Vacuum filtering of CNF either incorporating membrane support materials (Visanko et al, 2014;Soyekwo et al, 2016;Cheng et al, 2017;Wang et al, 2019) or to produce selfstanding nanopapers (Mautner et al 2015;Metreveli et al, 2014) has been used to produce CNF nanopaper membranes for size-exclusion based separation. Casting of CNF on different supports has also been used to produce membrane materials (Ma et al, 2011(Ma et al, , 2014Kong et al, 2014).…”

Development of Biocomposites of MCC Extracted From Non-Wood Sources

“…X-ray diffraction pattern of α-cellulose reveals the existence of mixture of polymorphs of cellulose I and cellulose II. The existence of cellulose II can be evidenced by characteristic peaks at 2θ = 12 (110), 20 (210) and 22 (200) [30,31] and cellulose I by the presence of peaks at 2θ = 22 (200) and 34.6 (004) [32,33]. The X-ray diffraction pattern showing the doublet indicates the transformation of native cellulose from cellulose I to cellulose II [34].…”