Facile Preparation and Electrochemical Properties of V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-Graphene Composite Films as Free-Standing Cathodes for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries

Qian, Yuqiang; Vu, Anh; Stein, Andreas

doi:10.1149/2.004208jes

Cited by 70 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…[29][30][31] For instance, Pan et al into 1D CNTs, [32][33][34][35] 2D graphenes, [36][37][38] etc. In this regard, Rui et al 39 hybridized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with highly porous V 2 O 5 spheres (denoted as V 2 O 5 /rGO) using a simple solvothermal method, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: O 5 Nanostructures For Libsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vanadium-based nanostructure materials for secondary lithium battery applications

et al. 2015

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Vanadium-based materials, such as V2O5, LiV3O8, VO2(B) and Li3V2(PO4)3 are compounds that share the characteristic of intercalation chemistry. Their layered or open frameworks allow facile ion movement through the interspaces, making them promising cathodes for LIB applications. To bypass bottlenecks occurring in the electrochemical performances of vanadium-based cathodes that derive from their intrinsic low electrical conductivity and ion diffusion coefficients, nano-engineering strategies have been implemented to "create" newly emerging properties that are unattainable at the bulk solid level. Integrating this concept into vanadiumbased cathodes represents a promising way to circumvent the aforementioned problems as nanostructuring offers potential improvements in electrochemical performances by providing shorter mass transport distances, higher electrode/electrolyte contact interfaces, and better accommodation of strain upon lithium uptake/ release. The significance of nanoscopic architectures has been exemplified in the literature, showing that the idea of developing vanadium-based nanostructures is an exciting prospect to be explored. In this review, we will be casting light on the recent advances in the synthesis of nanostructured vanadium-based cathodes. Furthermore, efficient strategies such as hybridization with foreign matrices and elemental doping are introduced as a possible way to boost their electrochemical performances (e.g., rate capability, cycling stability) to a higher level. Finally, some suggestions relating to the perspectives for the future developments of vanadium-based cathodes are made to provide insight into their commercialization. through the interspaces, making them promising cathodes for LIB applications. To bypass bottlenecks occurring in the electrochemical performances of vanadium-based cathodes that derive from their intrinsic low electrical conductivity and ion diffusion coefficients, nano-engineering strategies have been implemented to "create" newly emerging properties that are unattainable at the bulk solid level. Integrating this concept into vanadium-based cathodes represents a promising way to circumvent the aforementioned problems as nanostructuring offers potential improvements in electrochemical performances by providing shorter mass transport distances, higher electrode/electrolyte contact interfaces, and better accommodation of strain upon lithium uptake/release. The significance of nanoscopic architectures has been exemplified in the literature, showing that the idea of developing vanadium-based nanostructures is an exciting prospect to be explored. In this review, we will be casting light on the recent advances in the synthesis of nanostructured vanadium-based cathodes. Furthermore, efficient strategies such as hybridization with foreign matrices and elemental doping are introduced as a possible way to boost their electrochemical performances (e.g., rate capability, cycling stability) to a higher level. Finally, some suggestions relating to the perspective...

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Section: O 5 Nanostructures For Libsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vanadium-based nanostructure materials for secondary lithium battery applications

et al. 2015

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“…[ 29,30 ] Due to the large interplanar distance of GO, these S 2 molecules can intercalate into GO to deoxygenate GO and form SO 2 gas. [ 33 ] An increasing number of electric or plug-in hybrid vehicles, portable electronic devices, and power tool technologies require a signifi cant increase of the energy density of Li-ion batteries. By manipulating the interlayer distance of graphite oxide through controlling the degree of oxidation of graphite, [ 32 ] the S intercalation level can be maximized.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/aenm201400482mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Sulfur Reduction and Intercalation of Graphite Oxides for Li‐S Battery Cathodes

Zheng

Yang

Zhu

et al. 2014

Advanced Energy Materials

124

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S and edge-opened graphite oxide, chemical reduction of graphene oxide and deposition of S. [23][24][25] Because the S in these graphene-S composites is not completely encapsulated by graphene, the polysulfi de intermediates still slowly dissolve into electrolyte resulting in progressive cycling decay. The ideal structure for the carbon-S composites is to intercalate S atoms or molecules into a graphite interlayer to form S intercalated graphite compounds, thus maximizing S loading and minimizing the dissolution of polysulfi des. However, only a small amount of S can be intercalated into graphite even under the conditions of high pressure and/or high temperature due to small layer spacing (planar distance ≈0.34 nm). [ 26 ] Because of the large interlayer distance, expanded graphite has been investigated as host to embed S. The expanded graphiteembedded sulfur nanocomposites were normally synthesized by two-step reactions: thermal reduction of graphite oxides in H 2 /Ar at a high temperature (450 °C) and fl owed by S meltdiffusion at a low temperature of ≈155 °C. [ 27,28 ] Since S vapor can reduce graphite oxide (GO) at a high temperature, in this work we report a novel one-step method to synthesize S intercalated graphite by S in situ reducing GO and intercalating into the reduced graphite oxide (RGO) under vacuum at 600 °C. Figure 1 schematically depicts the preparation process of the RGO/S composite. At room temperature, sulfur exists mainly in the form of cyclooctasulfur (S 8 ), as heating the mixture of graphite oxide and S 8 to 600 °C, the large molecule S 8 will be broken into smaller chain species S 2 . [ 29,30 ] Due to the large interplanar distance of GO, these S 2 molecules can intercalate into GO to deoxygenate GO and form SO 2 gas. [ 31 ] Further S 2 intercalation into RGO will form S intercalated graphite compounds. By manipulating the interlayer distance of graphite oxide through controlling the degree of oxidation of graphite, [ 32 ] the S intercalation level can be maximized. However, the S 2 molecules deposited on the external surface and the edges of RGO interlayer may recombine to form cyclo-S 8 when the temperature is cooling down from 600 °C to room temperature. Due to the high solubility of CS 2 to S 8 , the surface S 8 can be removed using CS 2 solvent at ease. Here, we demonstrate that the RGO/S composites with 52% S loading show high capacities and long cycling stabilities. The CS 2 -wash treatment can further enhance the cycling stability of RGO/S composites. Almost no capacity decline can be observed for CS 2 -washed RGO/S composites in 225 cycles. Figure 2 a shows the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of pure S, pristine graphite, GO and RGO/S composite. The XRD pattern of S exhibits very sharp and strong peaks throughout the entire diffraction range, indicating a well-defi ned crystal S 8 structure. Graphite exhibits a sharp peak at 2 θ = 26.6° corresponding to the diffraction of (002) plane with interlayer distance of ≈0.34 nm. [ 33 ]

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“…Referring to Fig. , the weight loss curve for GO shows an initial 10% moisture loss at approximately 100°C, proceded by a 30% loss at approximately 200°C as a result of oxygen loss . This step is not visible in f‐GO.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Polymer nanocomposites:In situpolymerization of polyamide 6 in the presence of graphene oxide

et al. 2015

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Polyamide 6 (PA6)/graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposites were prepared via in situ, ring opening polymerization of e-caprolactam in the presence of both dried powder and colloidally dispersed single layer GO. Characterization of the composites and GO (both as received and after removal from the composites) was carried out using atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and tensile testing. Reduction in the GO during polymerization was observed. So too was functionalization of the GO flakes with PA6 chains. FTIR demonstrates the retention of some carbonyl oxygen functionalities after polymerization. AFM imaging indicated the presence of single layer GO and the sheet height increased to $4 nm for graphene sheets after polymerization. This suggests the graphene acts as a base for polymer chain formation, leading to good interfacial interaction between the filler and matrix. Raman data show no evidence of the restoration of sp2 hybrid as a result of polymerization. The nanocomposites are thermally stable while molecular weight and crystallinity have both been affected by GO inclusion. A percentage linear increase in Young's modulus was observed as colloidally dispersed GO content increased.

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Facile Preparation and Electrochemical Properties of V₂O₅-Graphene Composite Films as Free-Standing Cathodes for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries

Cited by 70 publications

References 36 publications

Vanadium-based nanostructure materials for secondary lithium battery applications

Vanadium-based nanostructure materials for secondary lithium battery applications

In Situ Sulfur Reduction and Intercalation of Graphite Oxides for Li‐S Battery Cathodes

Polymer nanocomposites:In situpolymerization of polyamide 6 in the presence of graphene oxide

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Facile Preparation and Electrochemical Properties of V2O5-Graphene Composite Films as Free-Standing Cathodes for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries

Cited by 70 publications

References 36 publications

Vanadium-based nanostructure materials for secondary lithium battery applications

Vanadium-based nanostructure materials for secondary lithium battery applications

In Situ Sulfur Reduction and Intercalation of Graphite Oxides for Li‐S Battery Cathodes

Polymer nanocomposites:In situpolymerization of polyamide 6 in the presence of graphene oxide

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Facile Preparation and Electrochemical Properties of V₂O₅-Graphene Composite Films as Free-Standing Cathodes for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries