Facile phase transfer of gold nanoparticles from aqueous solution to organic solvents with thiolated poly(ethylene glycol)

Alkilany, Alaaldin M.; Yaseen, Alaa’; Park, Ji Eun; Eller, Jonathan R.; Murphy, Catherine J.

doi:10.1039/c4ra11928b

Cited by 54 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The surface modifi cation of Au NRs was processed according to phase change method with slight modifi cations. [ 39,40 ] Briefl y, 10 mL acetone with 10 × 10 −3 M surface modifi er (DDA, ODA, pyridine) was added to 10 mL of 5 × 10 −3 M CTAB-capped Au NRs solution and mixed by hand for ≈5 s, then 5 mL of 1,2-dichlorobenzene (DCB) was quickly added. A clear boundary of two different phases could be observed after the solution standing for a while.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobility Enhancement of P3HT‐Based OTFTs upon Blending with Au Nanorods

Zhou

Han

Zhuang

et al. 2015

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The mobility enhancement of organic thin‐film transistors based on poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) by incorporating gold nanorods (Au NRs) is reported. Through varying the doping concentration and surface modifier of the Au NRs in P3HT matrix, the P3HT/Au composite with 0.5 mg mL−1 pyridine‐capped Au NRs exhibits a hole mobility of 0.059 cm2 V−1 s−1, this value is seven times higher than that of pristine P3HT. This remarkable improvement of mobility originates from the enhanced crystallinity and optimized orientation of P3HT after doping with Au NRs. In addition, the appropriate surface modification can produce more‐efficient hole conduction of Au NRs.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobility Enhancement of P3HT‐Based OTFTs upon Blending with Au Nanorods

Zhou

Han

Zhuang

et al. 2015

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“…As a result, the LE mechanism in several NCs remains unknown. Revealing the complete details of the reaction pathways of LE in atomically precise NCs provides a view of the fundamental processes of LE chemistry of NPs that plasmonic NPs 45 and quantum dots 46 with their heterogeneous size distribution cannot afford.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Switching a Nanocluster Core from Hollow to Nonhollow

et al. 2016

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ABSTRACT:Modulating the structure-property relationship in atomically precise nanoclusters (NCs) is vital for developing novel NC materials and advancing their applications. While promising biphasic ligand-exchange (LE) strategies have been developed primarily to attain novel NCs, understanding the mechanistic aspects involved in tuning the core and the ligand-shell of NCs in such biphasic processes is challenging. Here, we design a single phase LE process that enabled us to elucidate the mechanism of how a hollow NC (e.g., [Ag 44 (SR) 4-. Remarkably, both the forward and the backward reactions proceed through similar size intermediates that seem to be governed by the boundary conditions set by the thermodynamic and electronic stability of the hollow and non-hollow metal cores. Furthermore, the resizing of NCs highlights the surprisingly long-range effect of the ligands which are felt by atoms far deep in the metal core, thus opening a new path for controlling the structural evolution of nanoparticles.

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“…A red shift in the localized surface plasmon resonance of the polymer capped‐GNPs in dichloromethane (8 nm, due to higher refractive index of the organic solvent) without peak broadening is indicative of successful phase transfer without nanoparticle aggregation (Figure C) . No phase transfer was observed when nonthiolated polymers were used or in the absence of any polymer (control experiments) (Figure B), confirming the role of the thiol‐gold strong bond to drive the assembly of polymer brushes on GNPs and to displace the weakly physisorbed citrate anions . The phase transfer was scalable for larger batches as shown in Figure D and the final particles showed a remarkable colloidal stability in dichloromethane.…”

mentioning

confidence: 75%

“…These nanoparticles are capped with weakly physisorbed citrate anions with proven biocompatibility and ease of displacement with other ligands. Previously, we reported a facile phase transfer of GNPs from water to dichloromethane using PEG‐SH as the phase transfer and capping agent . Remarkably, the same protocol resulted in a facile transfer of GNPs from water to dichloromethane using PS‐SH or PLGA‐SH ( Figure ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

Facile Functionalization of Gold Nanoparticles with PLGA Polymer Brushes and Efficient Encapsulation into PLGA Nanoparticles: Toward Spatially Precise Bioimaging of Polymeric Nanoparticles

Alkilany

Abulateefeh

Murphy

2018

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Nanocarriers prepared from poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) (PLGA) have broad biomedical applications. Understanding their cellular uptake and distribution requires appropriate visualization in complex biological compartments with high spatial resolution, which cannot be offered by traditional imaging techniques based on fluorescent or radioactive probes. Herein, the encapsulation of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) into PLGA nanoparticles is proposed, which should allow precise spatial visualization in cells using electron microscopy. Available protocols for encapsulating GNPs into polymeric matrices are limited and associated with colloidal instability and low encapsulation efficiency. In this report, the following are described: 1) a facile protocol to functionalize GNPs with PLGA polymer followed by 2) encapsulation of the prepared PLGA‐capped GNPs into PLGA nanocarriers with 100% encapsulation efficiency. The remarkable encapsulation of PLGA‐GNPs into PLGA matrix obeys the general rule in chemistry “like dissolves like” as evident from poor encapsulation of GNPs capped with other polymers. Moreover, it is shown that how the encapsulated gold nanoparticles serve as nanoprobes to visualize PLGA polymeric hosts inside cancer cells at the spatial resolution of the electron microscope. The described methods should be applicable to a wide range of inorganic nanoprobes and provide a new method of labeling pharmaceutical polymeric nanocarriers to understand their biological fate at high spatial resolution.

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Facile phase transfer of gold nanoparticles from aqueous solution to organic solvents with thiolated poly(ethylene glycol)

Abstract: A simple approach for the efficient transfer of large gold nanoparticles from water to organic solvents using thiolated poly(ethylene glycol) as a phase transfer agent is presented.

Cited by 54 publications

References 23 publications

Mobility Enhancement of P3HT‐Based OTFTs upon Blending with Au Nanorods

Mobility Enhancement of P3HT‐Based OTFTs upon Blending with Au Nanorods

Switching a Nanocluster Core from Hollow to Nonhollow

Facile Functionalization of Gold Nanoparticles with PLGA Polymer Brushes and Efficient Encapsulation into PLGA Nanoparticles: Toward Spatially Precise Bioimaging of Polymeric Nanoparticles

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