Facile performance enhancement of reverse osmosis membranes via solvent activation with benzyl alcohol

Shin, Min Gyu; Park, Sang Hee; Kwon, Sung-Kyu; Kwon, Hyo Eun; Park, Jong Bae; Lee, Jung Hyun

doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2019.02.027

Cited by 97 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Therefore, we concluded that polyamide-alcohol interactions result in a reduction in the reverse salt flux due to a densification of the polyamide layer. We propose this densification occurs when water (non-solvent) contacts the polyamide layer after the thin layer is softened due to alcohol contact, as shown by AFM nanoindentation experiments by Shin et al [16]. Nevertheless, direct polyamide–alcohol interactions do not fully explain changes in the water permeance results after 5 min of contact with alcohol.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Previous work from our group suggests that plasticization occurs on TFC membranes when in contact with glycerol (a short chain polyhydric alcohol) solutions [35]. Shin et al [16] also reported the reduction of surface modulus after contact of MPD-TMC polyamide layers with different solvents, such as ethanol and IPA. By comparing the dry samples with a sample tested in water after treatment, the reduction in Young′s modulus of the membrane surface (confidence interval above 90%) is more evident.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…However, the causes of this behavior have not been studied sufficiently [7,14,15]. In addition, it has been concluded that changes in the polymer active layer of these membranes are dependent on size of the alcohol, composition of the polymer, free volume in the polymer (especially before contact), and interactions between polymer and alcohol [12,16]. However, the characteristics of the active layer polymers that most enable changes in transport properties have not been determined [7,10,11,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Short-Term Contact with C1–C4 Monohydric Alcohols on the Water Permeance of MPD-TMC Thin-Film Composite Reverse Osmosis Membranes

et al. 2019

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In this paper, we discuss the effect of alcohol contact on the transport properties of thin-film composite reverse osmosis membranes. Five commercial membranes were studied to quantify the changes in water permeance and sodium chloride rejection from contact with five C1–C4 monohydric, linear alcohols. Water permeance generally increased without decreasing rejection after short-term contact. The extent of these changes depends on the membrane and alcohol used. Young′s modulus measurements showed decreased stiffness of the active layer after contacting the membranes with alcohol, suggesting plasticization. Data analysis using a dual-mode sorption model identified positive correlations of the initial water permeance, as well as the change in free energy of mixing between water and the alcohols, with the increase in water permeance after alcohol contact. We suggest that the mixing of water with the alcohols facilitates alcohol penetration into the active layer, likely by disrupting inter-chain hydrogen bonds, thus increasing the free volume for water permeation. Our studies provide a modeling framework to estimate the changes in transport properties after short-term contact with C1–C4 alcohols.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Short-Term Contact with C1–C4 Monohydric Alcohols on the Water Permeance of MPD-TMC Thin-Film Composite Reverse Osmosis Membranes

et al. 2019

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“…The permeation flux ( F , L m –2 h –1 ) and rejection ( R , %) of the membrane were calculated by the following equations 28 where V is the volume of the solution permeated during the operation time, A is the effective membrane area, Δ t is the operation time period (2 h in this study), and C p and C f are the concentrations of the target element in the permeate and the feed sides, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Desalination Membranes to Nuclide (Cs, Sr, and Co) Separation

Kim

Hyeon

et al. 2020

ACS Omega

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Desalination and nuclide separation, with cesium (Cs), strontium (Sr), and cobalt (Co), using commercial polymeric membranes are investigated under room temperature (298 K) to elucidate the permeation mechanism and possibility of applying commercial membranes to the separation of radioactive nuclides. The physicochemical properties of membranes are characterized by multiple techniques. The thickness of the selective layer and the boundary between the layers of membranes are observed by scanning electron microscopy. The chemical structure of selective and support layers is assessed by direct Fourier transform infrared/attenuated total reflection measurements on membrane samples. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrates the composition comparison between membranes, which describes the relative amount of selective layers consisting of polyamide. The separation performance of polyamide-based commercial membranes is tested on simulated seawater (35,000 ppm of NaCl) and single- and multi-component aqueous nuclide solutions (10 ppm). Nanofiltration (NF) membranes exhibit a high flux of 160–210 L m –2 h –1 with low 31–64% rejection on the permeation of simulated seawater, while reverse osmosis (RO) membranes display a low flux of 13–22 L m –2 h –1 with nearly 80% rejection. This reveals RO membranes to be more effective for the rejecting nuclides (Cs, Sr, and Co) in dilute aqueous solutions, and NF membranes have advantage on high throughput. RO membranes reject above 93% for single components and even higher for mixed nuclide separation (>98%), and NF membranes permeate high flux above 230 L m –2 h –1 . This study indicates that the desalination membranes (NF and RO) can be potential candidates for nuclide separation with combination.

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“…Modules were shipped and stored in a 20% ethanol solution per the manufacturer's recommendations, which causes swelling of the membrane [48][49][50]. Ethanol swelling has been shown to increase membrane performance.…”

Section: Forward Osmosis With Pretreated Pwmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pretreatment Techniques for Produced Water with Subsequent Forward Osmosis Remediation

Liden

Hildenbrand

Schug

2019

Water

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Unconventional oil and gas extraction is on the rise across the United States and comprises an integral component in meeting the nation’s energy needs. The primary by-product of this industrious process is produced water, which is a challenging matrix to remediate because of its complex physical and chemical composition. Forward osmosis is a viable option to treat high-salinity produced water; however, fouling has been an issue. This study aimed to treat produced water before using forward osmosis as a remediation option. Trials consisted of a series of five experiments in order to evaluate the performance of the membrane. Samples were treated by centrifugation, activated carbon, filtration, ferric chloride, as well as coagulants and a polymer. It can be concluded that forward osmosis can be used to extract water from high-salinity oil field brines and produced water, and that pretreating the produced water decreased the tendency for fouling. The pretreatment with the overall best performance was activated carbon, which also yielded the lowest total organic carbon concentrations of 1.9 mg/L. During remediation trials using produced water pretreated with activated carbon as the feed solution, there was a 14% decrease in flux over the course of the 7 h trials. The membrane performance was restored after washing.

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Facile performance enhancement of reverse osmosis membranes via solvent activation with benzyl alcohol

Cited by 97 publications

References 43 publications

Effect of Short-Term Contact with C1–C4 Monohydric Alcohols on the Water Permeance of MPD-TMC Thin-Film Composite Reverse Osmosis Membranes

Effect of Short-Term Contact with C1–C4 Monohydric Alcohols on the Water Permeance of MPD-TMC Thin-Film Composite Reverse Osmosis Membranes

Application of Desalination Membranes to Nuclide (Cs, Sr, and Co) Separation

Pretreatment Techniques for Produced Water with Subsequent Forward Osmosis Remediation

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