Facile one‐pot method of initiator fixation for surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization on carbon hard spheres

Abstract

An efficient and novel one-pot process is developed to immobilize the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) initiators onto the surface of fully pyrolyzed carbon hard spheres (CHSs) via a radical trapping process from the in situ thermal decomposition of bis(bromomethylbenzoyl)-peroxide. The CHSs do not require any additional preparative treatment prior to the initiator immobilization. Styrene and methyl methacrylate are polymerized onto initiator-immobilized CHSs by surface-initiated atomic transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP). Samples are characterized using Fourier transform infrared, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy.These methods of characterization confirmed that all the CHSs are coated with a uniform layer of grafted polymer. This efficient, one-pot immobilization of ATRP-initiators represents an exceptionally simple route for the rapid preparation of various polymer-coated carbon-based nanomaterials using SI-ATRP.

Core-shell like structured barium zirconium titanate-barium calcium titanate–poly(methyl methacrylate) nanocomposites for dielectric energy storage capacitors

“…2 b) before graft polymerization of MMA, indicating the PMMA chains are grafted onto BZT-BCT nanoparticles. The presence of grafted PMMA onto BZT-BCT nanoparticles due to strong ester carbonyl signals (1730 cm -1 ) 21 of PMMA (Fig. 2 d) is consistent with a substantial weight loss of TGA spectrum (Fig.…”

Surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate and styrene from boron nitride nanotubes

“…Copper(I) bromide (CuBr, 99.99%, Aldrich) was puried as described in literature. 40 N,N,N 0 ,N 00 ,N 000 -pentamethyldiethylenetriamime (PMDETA, 99%, Aldrich), 4,4 0 -dinonyl-2,2 0 -bipyridine (DNDP, 97%, Aldrich), 4-methylbenzyl bromide (MBB, 97%, Aldrich), sodium peroxide (97%, Sigma-Aldrich), 4-bromomethylbenzoyl bromide (BMBB, 96%, Sigma-Aldrich), and all other reagents were used as obtained from commercial sources. Boron powder (B, 99%, Alfa Aesar), iron(II) oxide (FeO, 99.5%, Alfa Aesar) and magnesium oxide (MgO, 99.95%, Alfa Aesar) were used as received.…”

“…Recently Ejaz et al developed a single step method for covalent immobilization of benzyl bromide ATRP initiators onto fully pyrolyzed carbon hard nanospheres (CHSs) by a radical xation method. 40 This approach provides a high density of attachment points resulting from the well-known fact that graphitic materials like carbon black are strong radical scavengers. Like CHSs the BNNTs have many open-ended graphitic like akes and therefore an analogous initiator xation approach seemed promising (Scheme 1).…”

Core‐shell structured poly(glycidyl methacrylate)/BaTiO3 nanocomposites prepared by surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization: A novel material for high energy density dielectric storage

“…Surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI‐ATRP) has been used most frequently to produce polymer brushe, because it shows compatibility with a variety of monomers and functional groups, can tolerate impurities, and is not sensitive toward residual traces of oxygen. Controlled SI‐ATRP has been widely used to grow polymers from a variety of particle surfaces, including silica, gold, carbon hard spheres, and magnetite . In addition to preparing well‐defined homopolymer grafts, SI‐ATRP can be used to yield block copolymer grafts .…”