Facile hydrogenation of N-heteroarenes by magnetic nanoparticle-supported sub-nanometric Rh catalysts in aqueous medium

Abstract

This work describes the preparation and systematic characterization of a reusable magnetic heterogeneous nanocatalyst (Rh@Fe3O4) for the hydrogenation of N-heterocycles and simple aromatics.

Rh‐Complex Supported on Magnetic Nanoparticles as Catalysts for Hydroformylations and Transfer Hydrogenation Reactions

“…One way of overcoming such issues would be to convert the homogeneous system into heterogeneous. The immobilization of active metal complexes on the solid support increases the dispersion and enhances the accessibility of the active metal sites [15–17] . It is worth noting that prudent choice of solid support in a catalytic system is crucial for obtaining the optimum conversion, greater selectivity, and extensive reusability.…”

Palladium Nanoparticles Supported on Cellulosic Paper as Multifunctional Catalyst for Coupling and Hydrogenation Reactions

“…In addition, their pseudo‐homogeneous behavior in solution owing to the nano‐sized dimension (<10 nm) combined with the advantages of a heterogeneous catalyst by supporting on a solid make them perfect candidates for potential industrial applications. Within this context, a large variety of highly productive catalysts based on nanoparticles of Co, [1,2] Mn, [3,4] Rh, [5,6] Ir, [7,8] Pd, [9,10] and Pt [11,12] have been developed for catalytic organic transformation reactions. Among these nanoparticles, Pd metal nanoparticles (PdNPs) have proven to be the most powerful catalyst for many organic syntheses of industrial importance, such as the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, medicines, pesticides, degradation of organic pollutants, C−C bond formation and the hydrogenation reaction [13] .…”

“…Preventing agglomeration of Pd nanoparticles is of foremost importance to capitalize on their full potential, and hence, their integration with a surface containing suitable ligands or solid supports play a vital role by ensuring uniform distribution. Thus, supports such as those with sensitive organic ligands, [17,18] silica, [19,20] carbon, [21,22] metal oxides, [5,23] metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) [24,25] and layered double hydroxides (LDH) [26,27] have been extensively used. However, most of them involve complex synthetic routes with many steps requiring the use of a large amount of toxic chemicals, and recovery of the support containing the metal center is by tedious procedures involving centrifugation, filtration, and precipitation [28] .…”

Hydrogenation of Toluene to Methyl Cyclohexane over PtRh Bimetallic Nanoparticle-Encaged Hollow Mesoporous Silica Catalytic Nanoreactors

“…Instead of H 2 gas, liquid organic hydrogen carriers, , adsorbing materials, − and metal hydrides − can safely store and release H 2 and are considered as alternative H 2 energy sources. Among these mentioned chemicals, liquid organic hydrogen carriers are composed of unsaturated aromatics and their corresponding liquid organic hydrogen carriers, such as benzene/cyclohexane , and toluene/methyl cyclohexane, − which can be hydrogenated and dehydrogenated reversibly without destroying the main structure of the carbon ring. Due to their easy transportation and low toxicity, toluene/methyl cyclohexane is a good candidate for H 2 storage and utilization.…”

“…Transition metals including Ni, Pt, Ru, , and Rh ,,,, have been studied in hydrogenation of toluene to methyl cyclohexane. To achieve high yields of methyl cyclohexane, non-noble metals such as Ni catalysts usually require relatively high reaction temperatures, while noble metals such as Rh can perform hydrogenation under room temperature and atmospheric H 2 pressure.…”