Facile Fabrication of Superhydrophobic and Flame-Retardant Coatings on Cotton Fabrics

Abstract

The hydrophilicity and inherent flammability of cotton textiles severely limit their usage. To solve these drawbacks, a superhydrophobic and flame-retardant (SFR) coating made of chitosan (CH), ammonium polyphosphate (APP), and TiO2-SiO2-HMDS composite was applied to cotton fabric using simple layer-by-layer assembly and dip-coating procedures. First, the fabric was alternately immersed in CH and APP water dispersions, and then immersed in TiO2-SiO2-HMDS composite to form a CH/APP@TiO2-SiO2-HMDS coating on the cotton fabric surface. SEM, EDS, and FTIR were used to analyze the surface morphology, element composition, and functional groups of the cotton fabric, respectively. Vertical burning tests, microscale combustion calorimeter tests, and thermogravimetric analyses were used to evaluate the flammability, combustion behavior, thermal degradation characteristics, and flame-retardant mechanism of this system. When compared to the pristine cotton sample, the deposition of CH and APP enhanced the flame retardancy, residual char, heat release rate, and total heat release of the cotton textiles. The superhydrophobic test results showed that the maximal contact angle of SFR cotton fabric was 153.7°, and possessed excellent superhydrophobicity. Meanwhile, the superhydrophobicity is not lost after 10 laundering cycles or 50 friction cycles. In addition, the UPF value of CH/APP@TiO2-SiO2-HMDS cotton was 825.81, demonstrating excellent UV-shielding properties. Such a durable SFR fabric with a facile fabrication process exhibits potential applications for both oil/water separation and flame retardancy.

Superhydrophobic and superlipophilic LDH flower balls/cellulose membranes for efficient oil–water separation

“…For the untreated cellulose membrane, where the absorption peaks at 3300 cm À1 and 2900 cm À1 are attributed to the stretching vibrations of -OH and -CH 2 , the peaks at 1420 cm À1 and 1370 cm À1 are mainly due to the asymmetric wobble and bending vibrations of -CH 2 . 32,33 Compared to the unmodified LDH/cellulose film, the modified LDH/cellulose film IR spectrum shows a peak at 650 cm À1 for the Si-O bond and a peak near 2900 cm À1 for the symmetric and asymmetric stretching vibrations of the CH 2 long chain of HDTMS. 34 This demonstrates that HTDMS has been grafted onto the surface of the membrane and successfully modified the LDH/cellulose membrane with superhydrophobicity.…”

Grafting of cotton fabrics with diallyldimethylammonium chloride

“…The modi cation of the cotton has been studied. Many papers have been carried out by different methods, such as the coating method (Kwon et al 2020, Li et al 2022, Sallehudin 2022), chemical modi cation e.g., N-halamine and ame retardant chemical (Chen et al 2023), a copper phthalocyanine derivative and benzophenone (Hu et al 2023) and grafting techniques with various monomers, e.g., [2-(methacryloxy) ethyl] trimethylammonium chloride and methyacrylamide (Wang et al 2022), 3-chloro-2hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (Zhai et al 2022) and 4-vinylbenzyl chloride (Tsimpouki et al 2023). From previous reports, the purpose of cationized cotton fabrics was salt free dyeing with the reactive dyes.…”

Optical properties of water absorbing textiles for camouflage

“…These parameters can be adjusted to the indented use, making nanoparticles a versatile tool for various application. Silica nanoparticles have been used in several studies [14][15][16] to make hydrophobic coatings on different materials, some including cotton fabrics. Besides their contribution to hydrophobic surface design, nanoparticles also finds a pivotal role in material science.…”