Facile fabrication and configuration design of Co₃O₄ porous acicular nanorod arrays on Ni foam for supercapacitors

Abstract

The configuration of electrode materials is of great significance to the performance of supercapacitors (SCs) because of its direct effects on specific surface area and electron transfer path. Given this, herein, a series of CoO hierarchical configurations composed of porous acicular nanorods are designedly synthesized on Ni foam with in-site self-organization method depending on the addition of NHF. In the absence of NHF, CoO nanorods self-assemble into porous urchin-like structure (PULS), while the introduction of NHF can induce the vertical growth of CoO acicular nanorods, forming porous acicular nanorod arrays (PANRAs). By simply tuning the concentration of NHF, the CoO PANRAs with different specific surface area can be obtained. As expected, CoO PANRAs electrode for SCs (using 1 mmol of NHF) exhibits high specific capacitance (1486 F g at 1 A g) and excellent cycling stability (98.8% retention after 5000 continuous charge-discharge cycles), which are better than those of CoO PULS electrode (658.2 F g at 1 A g, 90.4%). Corresponding solid-state symmetric SC achieves a high energy density of 48.63 Wh kg at power density of 600 W kg. Such superior performance is attributed to fast charge transfer kinetics, facile electron transport and ions diffusion rate resulting from porous array structure, indicating the importance of configuration design of electrode materials for high performance SCs.

Preparation of Co3O4 Electrodes with Different Morphologies for the Investigation of Magnetic Response in Hybrid Capacitors

“…Based on the XRD pattern (Figure 1e), it is found that the diffraction patterns for the three samples have strong spinel Co 3 O 4 characteristic peaks (JCPDS No. 42–1467), [2d] indicating all the prepared electrode materials have the phase structure of Co 3 O 4 . To confirm the Co 3 O 4 constitution, we then performed Raman measurement (Figure 1f).…”

Recent Advance in Co3O4 and Co3O4-Containing Electrode Materials for High-Performance Supercapacitors

“…The template method has many advantages; however, it needs more processing steps and has certain requirements on the template. In addition to the above methods, there are other methods to synthesize Co3O4, such as spray pyrolysis [69], chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [70], the electrospinning technique [71], galvanic displacement [72], laser ablation [73], the in situ self-organization method [74], and so on. To sum up, there are many synthesis methods for preparing Co3O4 electrode materials, which are mainly divided into three categories: the gas phase method, solid phase method, and liquid phase method.…”

Effect of Manganese Valence on Specific Capacitance in Supercapacitors of Manganese Oxide Microspheres

“…Among the four samples, Mn 2 O 3 electrode delivered a longer discharge time, manifesting a higher specific capacitance, which was consistent with the CV results. The IR drops of the four electrodes in Figure 5d are mainly due to the high solution resistances [17] .…”