Facile cruciform formation by an (A-T)34 sequence from a Xenopus globin gene

Greaves, David R.; Patient, Roger; Lilley, David M. J.

doi:10.1016/0022-2836(85)90064-6

Cited by 182 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…In addition to several previous reports about non-B structures in E. coli (McClellan et al 1990;Dayn et al 1991Dayn et al , 1992Leach 1994) and cruciform conformation at DNA replication origins in mammalian cells (Zannis-Hadjopoulos et al 1988), recent data have also highlighted the possibility that such non-B DNA conformation contributes to chromosomal instability in humans (Bacolla et al 2004;Raghavan et al 2004). Our present results provide physical evidence of cutting of cruciform DNA at the breakpoint of t(11;22) in our plasmid-based model system producing rearranged molecules similar to those observed in human t(11;22)s. In addition, the extreme AT richness of the PATRRs may support this hypothesis, since AT-rich inverted repeats, indeed, rapidly convert into DNA cruciforms even at low supercoiling levels (Greaves et al 1985;Panyutin et al 1985). This is in contrast to relatively GC-rich inverted repeats, for which cruciform extrusion is kinetically forbidden in physiological conditions (Courey and Wang 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Chromosomal instability mediated by non-B DNA: Cruciform conformation and not DNA sequence is responsible for recurrent translocation in humans

Inagaki

Ohye²,

Kogo

et al. 2008

Genome Res.

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Chromosomal aberrations have been thought to be random events. However, recent findings introduce a new paradigm in which certain DNA segments have the potential to adopt unusual conformations that lead to genomic instability and nonrandom chromosomal rearrangement. One of the best-studied examples is the palindromic AT-rich repeat (PATRR), which induces recurrent constitutional translocations in humans. Here, we established a plasmid-based model that promotes frequent intermolecular rearrangements between two PATRRs in HEK293 cells. In this model system, the proportion of PATRR plasmid that extrudes a cruciform structure correlates to the levels of rearrangement. Our data suggest that PATRR-mediated translocations are attributable to unusual DNA conformations that confer a common pathway for chromosomal rearrangements in humans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Chromosomal instability mediated by non-B DNA: Cruciform conformation and not DNA sequence is responsible for recurrent translocation in humans

Inagaki

Ohye²,

Kogo

et al. 2008

Genome Res.

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“…Hybridization experiments showed that particularly high copy numbers (approximately 104 per haploid genome) of poly(AT) tracts occur in xenopus and crab DNA (Greaves & Patient, 1985). Specific functions have not yet been assigned to any of these sequences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mutagenesis was carried out using an approach based upon the observation that S 1 nuclease cleaves many supercoiled plasmids at the sites of short palindromic sequences which appear to adopt cruciform configurations in which short single-stranded regions of DNA are exposed (Lilley, 1980;Panayotatos & Wells, 1981). Furthermore, it had been reported that S 1 nuclease cleaves the palindromic sequence within the HSV-10RIs region, albeit at rather low efficiency (Stow, 1985), and that poly(AT) sequences within supercoiled plasmids can exist as cruciforms susceptible to S1 cleavage (Haniford & Pulleyblank, 1985;Greaves et al, 1985).…”

Section: Mutagenesis Of Vzv Orlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a Varicella-Zoster Virus Origin of DNA Replication and Its Activation by Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Gene Products

Stow

Davison²

1986

Journal of General Virology

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SUMMARYWe have identified and characterized an origin of DNA replication in the genome of the human herpesvirus, varicella-zoster virus (VZV). This origin of replication (VZV ORIs) is located within the major inverted repeats in a position equivalent to that occupied by one of the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) replication origins. Products encoded by both VZV and HSV-1 activate cloned copies of VZV ORIs, generating high molecular weight molecules consisting of tandem duplications of the input plasmid. The VZV ORIs region contains a tract of alternating A and T residues located at the centre of symmetry of an almost perfect palindrome of 45 bp, and the use of plasmid deletion mutants has demonstrated that this tract is an important functional element of the origin. Two sequences common to the VZV ORIs region and the regions specifying the two HSV-1 origins (ORIs, located within the TRs/IRs regions, and ORIL, located within the UL region) were identified and these may represent important recognition sites. One is an 11 bp sequence (CGTTCGCACTT), and the other is represented by the tract of alternating A and T residues. VZV does not appear to contain an origin of replication in a position equivalent to that of HSV-10RIL.

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“…This may be a general property of CNG tracts, since these are known to mediate genetic instability not only in eukaryotes but also in Escherichia coli (16 -18). 2 Similar behavior of other repeated sequences was previously shown to reflect cellular reaction to the in vivo formation of non-B DNA secondary structures (19,20). Less attention has been paid to the role of the RNA.…”

mentioning

confidence: 57%

Structures of CUG Repeats in RNA

Pinheiro

Scarlett

Rodger

et al. 2002

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Triplet repeats that cause human genetic diseases have been shown to exhibit unusual compact structures in DNA, and in this paper we show that similar structures exist in shorter "normal length" CNG RNA. CUG and control RNAs were made chemically and by in vitro transcription. We find that "normal" short CUG RNAs migrate anomalously fast on non-denaturing gels, compared with control oligos of similar base composition. By contrast, longer tracts approaching clinically relevant lengths appear to form higher order structures. The CD spectrum of shorter tracts is similar to triplex and pseudoknot nucleic acid structures and different from classical hairpin spectra. A model is outlined that enables the base stacking features of poly(r(G-C)) 2 ⅐poly(r(U)) or poly(d(G-C)) 2 ⅐poly(d(T)) triplexes to be achieved, even by a single 15-mer.

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Facile cruciform formation by an (A-T)34 sequence from a Xenopus globin gene

Cited by 182 publications

References 70 publications

Chromosomal instability mediated by non-B DNA: Cruciform conformation and not DNA sequence is responsible for recurrent translocation in humans

Chromosomal instability mediated by non-B DNA: Cruciform conformation and not DNA sequence is responsible for recurrent translocation in humans

Identification of a Varicella-Zoster Virus Origin of DNA Replication and Its Activation by Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Gene Products

Structures of CUG Repeats in RNA

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