Facile catalyzed acylation of alcohols, phenols, amines and thiols based on ZrOCl2·8H2O and acetyl chloride in solution and in solvent-free conditions

Protection and deprotection chemistry catalyzed by zirconium oxychloride octahydrate (ZrOCl2·8H2O)

“…Zolfigol et al described the application of zirconium compounds in deprotection, oxidation, CÁC, CÁN, and CÁO bond forming reactions (27). Catalytic activity of ZrOCl 2 ×8H 2 O has been described for the oxidation of alcohols (28); acylation of alcohols, phenols, amines, and thiols (29); esterification of long chain carboxylic acids and alcohols (30); enaminones and enamino ester synthesis (31); chemoselective synthesis of 2-aryloxazolines and bis-oxazolines (32); and synthesis of benzoxazoles, benzothiazoles, benzimidazoles, and oxazolo [4,5-b]pyridines (33).…”

Zinc dust: An extremely active and reusable catalyst in acylation of phenols, thiophenol, amines and alcohols in a solvent-free system

“…Acid catalyzed acylation mainly requires polymeric acids [12,13]; and metal chlorides [14][15][16], metal triflates such as Sc(OTf)3/Bi(OTf)3/Li(OTf)3 [17][18][19], metal perchlorates (LiClO4 /BiOClO4) [20,21] have also been utilized as Lewis acid catalysts for acylation of alcohols. Other reagents such as I2 [22,23], [bmIm][dca] ionic liquid [24], solid supported reagents like HClO4-SiO2 [25], Py/basic alumina [26], neutral Al2O3 [27], Clay [28,29], ZrOCl2·8H2O [30] polyphosphate ester [31] and very recently ZnO [32], Sm [33] and Mg(NTf2)2 [34] have been employed for the same purpose. In this paper, we are describing our work on the successful use of non-toxic, environmentally benign and inexpensive zinc dust as a catalyst for the acylation of phenols, thiophenol, amines and alcohols with acid chlorides.…”

ZrOCl2 · 8H2O: An efficient catalyst for rapid one-pot synthesis of 3-carboxycoumarins under ultrasound irradiation in water

“…Recently, oxysalts of zirconium have attracted much attention as catalysts in organic synthesis because of their easy availability, moisture stability and low toxicity [39][40][41]. Furthermore, it can be separated and reused after drying at 60ºC [42].…”