Facile and selective hydrogenolysis of β-O-4 linkages in lignin catalyzed by Pd–Ni bimetallic nanoparticles supported on ZrO₂

Abstract

The β-O-4 linkage in lignin can be selectively cleaved by Pd–Ni bimetallic nanoparticles supported on ZrO2 using hydrogen gas as the hydrogen donor under ambient pressure and neutral conditions.

State-of-the-art catalytic hydrogenolysis of lignin for the production of aromatic chemicals

“…Highly dispersed Pd-Ni bimetallic nanoparticles immobilized on ZrO 2 was proved to be an effective catalyst for the hydrogenolysis of M13 under H 2 at atmospheric pressure. 132 The cleavage of M13 leads to the formation of phenol with high selectivity of 97% in ethanol at 80 °C with the addition of NaBH 4 (Fig. 11).…”

Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenolysis Reactions for Lignin Valorization to Fuels and Chemicals

“…The activity of Pd-Ni bimetallic nanoparticles supported on ZrO 2 was examined in the hydrotreatment of 2-phenoxy-1-phenylethanol with NaBH 4 or H 2 gas as hydrogen source at 80 • C. The optimum reaction system corresponded to Pd:Ni ratio of 1:8, with H 2 gas as hydrogen source at 80 • C for 12 h, yielding 100% formation of cyclohexanol [67]. The presence of NaBH 4 induced the initial formation of phenol which was further converted to cyclohexanol at increased NaBH 4 amount.…”

Pd‐Ni BMNPs Encapsulated in UiO‐66 as an Efficient Catalyst for the Activation of “Inert” C−O Bonds

“…Based on our previous experience on design of outstanding catalysts for green and sustainable future, we envisage that development of a catalytic system based on bimetallic nanoparticles maybe essential for C−O activation reaction. Toward this end, herein, a Pd−Ni BMNPs catalyst was fabricated and its catalytic performance for the coupling reactions between ethers and Grignard reagents was evaluated.…”

“…We started our investigations by reacting 2‐methoxynaphthalene with MeMgBr, Pd−Ni BMNPs was initially selected as the catalyst in light of pioneering work of Chakraborti et al ,. and our previous experience . SiO 2 was used as the support at the outset of our study due to its easy availability.…”

“…Only trace of the product, if any, was detected using the monometallic nanoparticles as the catalyst (entries 2∼3), which emphasizes the vital role of the unique electronic structure of BMNPs for this reaction. Better catalytic performance of BMNPs may originate from the accelerated electron flow on the catalyst surface, which was caused by the charge heterogeneity exists on the BMNPs surface . To optimize the reaction condition, solvent effects on this reaction were evaluated, as illustrated in Table S1 (Supporting information), much lower yields were obtained when the reactions were proceed in other solvents compared with toluene, indicating that choice of the solvent played a vital role for the reaction efficiency.…”