Facile and efficient microwave combustion fabrication of Mg-spinel as support for MgO nanocatalyst used in biodiesel production from sunflower oil: Fuel type approach

WITHDRAWN: Fabrication of Nimo Nanostructured Catalyst via Ultrasonic-Assisted Combustion Method Used in High Efficiency Thiophene Hydrodesulfurization: Influence of Organic Compound Type

“…It is well documented that surface area have a key role in catalytic activity which in uences the adsorption of reactants on the active phase [7]. Yose et al observed similar results in the fabricating of MgO/MgAl 2 O 4 using different organic compounds [43]. Furthermore, by comparing the total pore volume and volume of mesopores of the fabricated nanocatalysts, it could be said that the NMA (CA) sample has superior textural properties than the other fabricated samples.…”

“…The resulted holes originated from escaping large amounts of combustion gases which derived from pyrolysis of high amount of carbon compound in citric acid. It is known that, there is a linear relationship between the carbon number of organic compound (fuel) and the quantity of evolved gas from combustion reaction that in uences the porosity of resulted powders [43]. The liberation of gaseous products assists the formation of porous material by limiting the interparticle contact and also, breaks large particles and creates pores between clusters.…”

“…Due to the evolution of large amount of gases like CO 2 , H 2 O, N 2 , CO during the combustion process, the as-combusted powders have the foamy and porous structure [39][40][41]. The physicochemical characteristic of the as-combusted products such as surface area, porous structure, agglomeration and particle size distribution is controlled by the volume of exhausted combustion gases and amount of released heat, which is determined by the type of fuel, heating method and fuel to oxidant ratio [42][43][44][45]. The combustion reaction is performed within a short time with the highest temperature of 1500 °C.…”

Structural/texture evolution of CaO/MCM‐41 nanocatalyst by doping various amounts of cerium for active and stable catalyst: Biodiesel production from waste vegetable cooking oil

“…There are many challenges in designing the heterogeneous biodiesel catalysts such as diffusion resistance of great triglyceride molecules, specific surface area (SSA), and catalyst deactivation . Some of these problems could be solved by employing an appropriate catalytic support . MCM‐41, with a significant surface area and mesoporous structure, is a good candidate for support that could be used in several cycles of reaction because of its thermal and mechanical stability .…”

“…[23][24][25] Some of these problems could be solved by employing an appropriate catalytic support. 13,26,27 MCM-41, with a significant surface area and mesoporous structure, is a good candidate for support that could be used in several cycles of reaction because of its thermal and mechanical stability. 28,29 Incorporation of some specific elements into the structure of MCM-41 can influence its acidity, pore size, hydrophobicity, and stability.…”