“…Since the compound containing 4 H -pyrans has outstanding biological properties and pharmaceutical applications, several synthetic methods have now been published in the literature − using several catalysts, such as carbon-based solid acids, montmorillonite perchloric acid (MPA), MgO NPs, Zn( l -proline) 2 , cyclodextrin, THEIC-SBA-15, urea, TMDPS, Fe 3 O 4 @D-NH-(CH 2 ) 4 -SO 3 H, TiO 2 –CNT nanocomposite, [BMIm]BF 4 , Na 2 CO 3 , Mo catalyst, nano-TiO 2 /H 14 [NaP 5 W 30 O 110 ], V-complex, [HMIM]C(CN) 3 , trifluoroethylene (TFE), supported-KF, urea, nanozeolite, Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 -imid–PMA, etc. Undoubtedly, these reported methods have their advantages.…”