Facies architecture of Lower Fars Formation at Jal Az-Zor escarpment, Kuwait

Amer, Aimen; Al-Hajeri, Mubarak; Najem, Ali; Al-Qattan, Faisal

doi:10.1007/s12517-019-4622-7

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…A radiometric isotope age dating work carried out by Amer and Al-Hajeri (2019) of oyster shells from the same bed indicated that they are Burdigalian in age (Early Miocene). Moreover, recent research by Amer et al (2019a) found that the heavy minerals in this unit are not sufficient to differentiate between Lower Fars and Dibdibba formations. The chemostratigraphic sedimentary provenance study work done by Amer et al (2017) compared sediments of Jal Az-Zor to the Arabian Shield in Saudi Arabia and concluded that the source of sediments was identified to come from the ophiolite basaltic and andesitic outcrops along an area known as Darb Zubaydah in the Arabian Shield.…”

Section: Regional Geological Setting and Surface Stratigraphy Of Kuwaitmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…These studies were important in the context of understanding the tectonostratigraphic evolution. During the last 5 years, several attempts by geologists from oil companies to study the escarpment resulted in a few important publications such as Tanoli et al (2015), Amer et al (2017Amer et al ( , 2019a, Benham et al (2018), Amer and Al-Hajeri (2019), and Tanoli et al (2019). Gregory (1929) mentioned that within Kuwait, the presence of horizontal beds that have been described as the Kuwait series with little to be known about the age of such beds.…”

Section: Regional Geological Setting and Surface Stratigraphy Of Kuwaitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The stratigraphic successions of the Jal Az-Zor escarpment are predominantly comprised of siliciclastic deposits. It extends for almost 60 km with a cliff-like face of about 36 m from the escarpment base (Amer et al, 2019a) and reaches up to 135 m from the mean sea level (Al-Sarawi, 1982). It exhibits a predominant NE-SW trend as a result of deep-seated basement faults (Own & Naser, 1958, Fuchs et al, 1968Bou-Rabee & Kleinkopf, 1994;Al-Anzi, 1995;Singh et al, 2011;Amer et al, 2017;.…”

Section: Jal Az-zor Escarpmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface Geology of Kuwait

Alrefaei

Najem²,

Amer³

et al. 2022

Regional Geology Reviews

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This chapter represents a comprehensive review of Kuwait’s surface geology and stratigraphy from previous works accomplished by numerous geoscience researchers in the past decades. The surface of Kuwait is characterized by nearly flat topography, featureless to gently undulating, apart from a few tens of meters of escarpments in the north and south, and flat low to moderately elevated hills and ridges. It predominantly consists of siliciclastic sediments and sedimentary rock units ranging in age from Middle Eocene to Holocene. The main stratigraphic exposed successions are located in Jal Az-Zor escarpment, Al-Subyiah (Bahrah) area, Ahmadi Quarry, the Khiran Ridges, and the Enjefa Beach. The oldest exposed rock units are represented by the Middle Eocene Dammam Formation, which is exposed at the Ahmadi Quarry, whereas the youngest recent deposits cover most of Kuwait’s surficial area and lie on top of the Kuwait Group’s deposits. This chapter will illustrate the geology and stratigraphy of Kuwait's surface sediments and sedimentary rock strata. Recommendations and future insights were also documented as part of the way forward to improve the presently available work for the surface geology of Kuwait.

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Section: Regional Geological Setting and Surface Stratigraphy Of Kuwaitmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Regional Geological Setting and Surface Stratigraphy Of Kuwaitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Jal Az-zor Escarpmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface Geology of Kuwait

Alrefaei

Najem²,

Amer³

et al. 2022

Regional Geology Reviews

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“…These sequences are deposited within the alluvial to marginal marine depositional settings. Surface studies conducted at the upper units of Lower Fars indicated same observation from the surface (Amer et al 2019) Folk (1974) to determine their textural classes (Fig. 3).…”

Section: General Setting and Sedimentary Sequencementioning

confidence: 87%

Modes of occurrence of calcrete and dolocrete horizons within the Miocene Lower Fars Formation in North Kuwait

et al. 2020

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The Lower Fars Formation in the subsurface of north Kuwait consists of repeated fining upward sequences of sand, sandstone and shale. Two wells, one each from two north Kuwait fields, were selected to investigate the presence of calcrete and dolocrete in it. Total forty-four core samples of the host sediment, calcrete, and dolocrete were analyzed using thin section petrography, XRD, XRF, and SEM techniques. Additionally, granulometric analysis was also performed for the host sediments. Fabrics and textures of the studied calcrete indicate two genetic types, namely; phreatic groundwater and pedogenic that display several development stages with two end members: incipient and mature calcrete. It was concluded that the nature of the host sediments, the hydrogeochemical conditions, and the prevailing climate played significant role in the development of these calcrete horizons within Mutriba field. The occurrence of cyclic nodular dolocrete horizons within the South Ratqa sequence is mainly attributed to the difference in the chemistry of groundwater and nature of host sediments. Textures of the calcitized dolocretic horizons suggest that the migration of oil to the Lower Fars sequence took place after the completion of all diagenetic processes. Palustrine dolomicrite identified in the eastern part of the study area exclusively in two types as; nonfossiliferous and fossiliferous.

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“…were identified (Owen and Naser, 1958). Milton, 1967 andAmer et al, 2019; described facies architecture of the Lower Fars Formation exposed at the Jal Az Zor escarpment mentioned in the previous chapter. Ferdous et al (2013) demonstrate that Lower Fars Formation truncated at a shallow depth of less than 800 ft (244m) and extended laterally to cover a vast area in northern Kuwait.…”

Section: Ghar Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subsurface Stratigraphy of Kuwait

Al-Helal

AlRefai

AlKandari

et al. 2022

The Geology of Kuwait

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This chapter reviews the subsurface stratigraphy of Kuwait targeting geosciences educators. The lithostratigraphy and chronostratigraphy of the reviewed formations (association of rocks whose components are paragenetically related to each other, both vertically and laterally) followed the formal stratigraphic nomenclature in Kuwait. The exposed stratigraphic formations of the Miocene–Pleistocene epochs represented by the Dibdibba, Lower Fars, and Ghar clastic sediments (Kuwait Group) were reviewed in the previous chapter as part of near-surface geology. In this chapter, the description of these formations is based mainly on their subsurface presence. The description of the subsurface stratigraphic formations in Kuwait followed published academic papers and technical reports related to Kuwait’s geology or analog (GCC countries, Iraq and Iran) either from the oil and gas industry or from different research institutions in Kuwait and abroad. It is also true that studies related to groundwater aquifer systems also contribute to our understanding of the subsurface stratigraphy of Kuwait for the shallower formations. The majority of the published data were covered the onshore section of Kuwait. The subsurface stratigraphic nomenclature description is based on thickness, depositional environment, sequence stratigraphy, the nature of the sequence boundaries, biostratigraphy, and age. The sedimentary strata reflect the depositional environment in which the rocks were formed. Understanding the characteristics of the sedimentary rocks will help understand many geologic events in the past, such as sea-level fluctuation, global climatic changes, tectonic processes, geochemical cycles, and more, depending on the research question. The succession of changing lithological sequences is controlled by three main factors; sea-level change (eustatic sea level), sediment supply, and accommodation space controlled by regional and local tectonics influences. Several authors have developed theoretical methods, established conceptual models, and produced several paleofacies maps to interpret Kuwait’s stratigraphic sequence based on the data collected over time intervals from the Late Permian to Quaternary to reconstruct the depositional history of the Arabian Plate in general and of Kuwait to understand the characteristics of oil and gas reservoirs.

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Facies architecture of Lower Fars Formation at Jal Az-Zor escarpment, Kuwait

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

Surface Geology of Kuwait

Surface Geology of Kuwait

Modes of occurrence of calcrete and dolocrete horizons within the Miocene Lower Fars Formation in North Kuwait

Subsurface Stratigraphy of Kuwait

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