Facies analysis and sedimentology of the Campanian–Maastrichtian sediments, southern Bida Basin, Nigeria

Aigbadon, Godwin Okumagbe; Akakuru, Obinna Chigoziem; Chinyem, FI; Akudo, Ernest Orji; Musa, Kizito Ojochenemi; Overare, Brume; Ocheli, Azuka; Sanni, Zulaihat Jummai; Bala, Jamilu Ahmed; Onyekuru, Samuel Okechukwu; Aminu, Mu’awiya B.

doi:10.1007/s13146-023-00848-y

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The underlying Akata Formation, which ranges from Paleocene to Recent, consists of a thick sequence of shale (a potential source rock) with silty and sandy layers. It was laid down in front of the advancing delta in a marine environment [29,26]. The Akata Formation, estimated to be up to 7000 m thick, covers the entire delta and is characterized by overpressure.…”

Section: Hydrogeology and Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollution Assessment and Index Properties of Okpulor Soils, Rivers State, Nigeria: Geochemical Characterization, Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Implications

Ahmed,

Fagorite,

Chikwado

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Soil, a vital biosphere component, is pivotal for human life, but its degradation adversely affects life quality. This study assessed soil pollution and index properties in Okpulor through geochemical, geotechnical, and geoenvironmental analyses. Twenty samples, comprising 14 surface and 6 shallow subsurface ones, underwent geochemical analysis for heavy metals (Fe, Cr, C, Cu, Zn, Ni, and Pb). Six geochemical models including Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Enrichment Factor (EF), Contamination Factor (CF), Metal Pollution Index (MPI), and Potential Ecological Risk Index (PERI) were employed. Simultaneously, six subsurface samples underwent geotechnical analysis for Natural Moisture Content, Grain Size, Specific Gravity, Bulk Density, and Atterberg Limits according to USCS and AASHTO guidelines. The Igeo highlighted significant Cd contamination, urging Cd source reduction for environmental mitigation. EF above 1.5 revealed substantial anthropogenic influence, emphasizing human activity control. CF accentuated Cd's contribution, requiring specific attention in environmental management. The PERI stressed Cd's ecological risks, necessitating targeted interventions. Natural moisture revealed initial soil conditions affecting contaminant mobility. High content enhanced leaching, emphasizing potential water-soluble contaminant migration. Bulk density and specific gravity assessed soil compaction and permeability, vital for understanding contaminant movement. Atterberg limits provided insights into plasticity and moisture retention, influencing contaminant behavior. Grain size analysis characterized particle distribution, impacting porosity, permeability, and contaminant movement. The interplay between geotechnical and geochemical properties unveiled contamination risks, urging holistic environmental management in Okpulor. Comprehensive consideration of the soils geotechnical index properties in environmental studies provides a holistic view of soil-contaminant interactions, emphasizing the need for strategic environmental management in Okpulor.

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Section: Hydrogeology and Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollution Assessment and Index Properties of Okpulor Soils, Rivers State, Nigeria: Geochemical Characterization, Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Implications

Ahmed,

Fagorite,

Chikwado

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…The organisms responsible for the generation of these traces include arthropods, annelids, and mollusks [45]. Very few primary sedimentary structures were preserved, since the reworking of sediments caused by the organism destroyed the primary characters [46]. These facies are believed to have formed in an inner shoreface setting under a normal wave condition with less disturbance resulting from turbulence [47].…”

Section: Bioturbated Trace Fossils Sandstone Facies (Sb)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentary Facies, Architectural Elements, and Depositional Environments of the Maastrichtian Pab Formation in the Rakhi Gorge, Eastern Sulaiman Ranges, Pakistan

Mehmood

Naseem

Saleem

et al. 2023

JMSE

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An integrated study of sediments was conducted to examine the facies architecture and depositional environment of the Cretaceous Pab Formation, Rakhi Gorge, and Suleiman Ranges, Pakistan. This research focused on analyzing architectural elements and facies, which are not commonly studied in sedimentary basins in Pakistan. To identify lithofacies, outcrop analysis and section measurement were performed. The identified lithofacies were then categorized based on their depositional characteristics and facies associations, with a total of nine types identified within a stratigraphic thickness of approximately 480 m. These facies were mainly indicative of high-energy environments, although the specifics varied by location. Sedimentary structures such as planar and trough crossbedding, lamination, nodularity, load-casts, and fossil traces were found within these facies, indicating high-energy environments with a few exceptions in calm environments. The identified facies were grouped into seven architectural elements according to their depositional environments: delta-dominated elements, including laminated shale sheet elements (LS), fine sandstone elements (SF), planar cross-bedded sandstone elements (SCp), trace sandstone elements (ST), and paleosol elements (Pa); and river-dominated elements, including trough cross-bedded sandstone elements (SCt), channel deposit elements (CH), and paleosol elements (Pa). These architectural elements, along with their vertical and lateral relationships, indicate a transitional fluvio-deltaic environment within the Pab Formation. In conclusion, by interpreting facies and architectural elements, it is possible to gain a better understanding of the depositional history of the formation and the distribution of reservoir units.

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“…and Koton-karfe, they are coarse-grained combined with a coarsening upwards sequence, they are darkish brown in colour and are composed of cobbles, pebbles etc. that are sub-angular to sub-rounded in form [17,18].…”

Section: • the Lokoja Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) for the Determination of Water-Bearing Zone in Karaworo, Lokoja Kogi State, Nigeria

Ibrahim,

Omeneke,

Aminu

et al. 2023

JGEESI

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The importance of water in our various communities and the difficulties faced so far to get good and clean water for both domestic consumption and industrial purposes can never be overemphasized. For these purposes to be accomplished, it is necessary to survey the area of study to know more about the geology of the area, which is characterized by the Lokoja Formation, Patti Formation, and Agbaja Ironstone and the possible reasons why there is a lack of water in the area. The geoelectric survey was conducted at Karaworo with the objective of determining the sedimentary formation's geoelectrical features and analyzing the potential of the groundwater in the study area. The most frequently used type of array for Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) is the Schlumberger array, which needs a lot of space at both ends to yield deeper subsurface information. The Schlumberger configuration was used for data acquisition. About fifteen (15) VES points were acquired at different locations within the study area. For the different VES positions, the maximum AB/2 is within 100m to 180m. Partial curve matching was used to determine the layer parameters as part of the quantitative interpretation of the VES curves. The IP2WIN software was used in the final data analysis. The depth sounding interpretation revealed subsurface layers which comprises of topsoil/clay with a resistivity range between 1.42 ohm-m to 81.0ohm-m and a thickness of 0.253 m to 70.4 m, lateritic clay with a resistivity range between 01.06ohm-m to 1730 ohm-m and a thickness of 0.236 m to 19.2 m, siltstone with resistivity range between 0.423 ohm-m to 5069 ohm-m and a thickness of 4.09 m to 28 m and sandstone with resistivity range between 0.664 ohm-m to 137 ohm-m with the thickness at infinity. Sandstone constituted the aquiferous zone. In conclusion, different types of curves which include HA-type, H-type, KH-type, QH-type and HAK-type characterize the area and hence it is suggested that boreholes be placed in low resistivity zones and considerable depth and thickness as revealed in VES 4 and VES 8 but those with low resistivity without considerable depth, for example, VES 2, VES 5, VES 6, VES 7, etc. can be developed into a hand dug well.

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Facies analysis and sedimentology of the Campanian–Maastrichtian sediments, southern Bida Basin, Nigeria

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Pollution Assessment and Index Properties of Okpulor Soils, Rivers State, Nigeria: Geochemical Characterization, Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Implications

Pollution Assessment and Index Properties of Okpulor Soils, Rivers State, Nigeria: Geochemical Characterization, Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Implications

Sedimentary Facies, Architectural Elements, and Depositional Environments of the Maastrichtian Pab Formation in the Rakhi Gorge, Eastern Sulaiman Ranges, Pakistan

Application of Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) for the Determination of Water-Bearing Zone in Karaworo, Lokoja Kogi State, Nigeria

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