Facial rejuvenation: Serial fat graft transfer

Abstract

Autologous fat transfer is a century-old method for both aesthetic and reconstructive purposes. It is considered by many plastic surgeons the ideal body filler. The only disadvantage is its variable degree of resorption, which ranged from 45% to 80%. Various groups have studied the effects of cryo-preservation for fat storage, the advantage being that fat harvesting need only be performed once, and thereafter fat injections can be performed using stored fat as an outpatient service. This a clinical study carried out to test the aesthetic outcome of serial injection of the cryo-preserved fat cells for both aesthetic and reconstructive purposes. Methods: Clinical evaluation was performed under standardized condition for serial lipofilling between October 2003 and May 2012, and 364 autologous fat transfers were performed in 104 patients ranging in age from 18 to 69 years (mean age 34 years). Results: The postoperative clinical results favored the use of serial fat transfer because the aesthetic and structural results were stable up to 90% of the initial volume more than a year after initial transfer. Conclusion: Our data suggest that serial transfer of the cryo-preserved fat leads to better cosmetic results on the basis of outpatient service without increasing the financial burden for our patients.

Autologous Fat Transfer for Facial Rejuvenation: A Systematic Review on Technique, Efficacy, and Satisfaction

“…All articles described, to some extent, the methods of preparing and grafting the adipose tissue (Table 2 ). 9 , 35 , 36 , 38 – 52 Eleven out of 14 studies used a local form of anesthesia, 9 , 36 , 38 – 42 , 44 – 46 , 48 , 49 , 51 , 52 and 3 authors preferred general anesthesia. 35 , 47 , 50 The abdomen was the primary donor site in most studies with fat from the thigh and flank area used in cases of insufficient supply.…”

“…The primary site of injection was the subcutaneous space with additional injections most often performed above or just beneath the superficial muscular aponeurotic system (SMAS). The number of AFT sessions was reported in 11 studies 9 , 36 , 39 – 41 , 45 – 47 , 49 , 51 , 52 and varied from 1 to 4 with an mean interval of 4.25 months. 39 – 41 , 47 , 49 , 52 Postoperative management varied greatly among the 9 reporting studies 35 , 39 , 41 , 43 – 46 , 48 , 52 and was even contradictory with Ibrahiem et al 52 recommending massage, as opposed to other studies.…”

“…Meta-analysis was performed over the 12 reporting studies. 36 , 39 , 41 – 47 , 49 , 50 , 52 To determine the amount of heterogeneity between studies, Cochran’s Q was calculated (101.45, P < 0.0001) and quantified with I 2 (tau 2 = 2.0747; H = 3.81 [2.98, 4.87]; I 2 = 93.1% [88.7%, 95.8%]). According to the Cochrane’s Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions 53 —in the case of between-trial heterogeneity—the random-effects meta-analysis weights the studies relatively more equally and is therefore used in the following description.…”

“…A total of 9 studies 9 , 35 , 36 , 39 , 41 , 44 , 46 , 48 , 52 reported on patient and/or surgeon satisfaction either on a visual analog scale (VAS) or a 2-4 point Likert scale (Table 5 ). Meta-analysis for patient satisfaction was performed after conversion to a dichotomous scale (see Tables, Supplemental Digital Content 3, which displays patient satisfaction results, http://links.lww.com/PRSGO/A630 ).…”

Additive manufacturing applications in medical cases: A literature based review

“…Result show satisfactory for the patient in accepting the appearance of the nose 39 Ibrahiem et al 45 AM manufactured all human parts. The structural fat graft now considered by many plastics surgeons Achieved that both reconstructive surgery and aesthetic surgery is accomplished easily.…”