Facial emotion discrimination: I. Task construction and behavioral findings in normal subjects

Erwin, Roland J.; Gur, Ruben C.; Gur, Raquel E.; Skolnick, Brett E.; Mawhinney-Hee, Maureen; Smailis, Joseph

doi:10.1016/0165-1781(92)90115-j

Cited by 252 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Two other studies demonstrated a female advantage across emotions regardless of the sex of the face presented (Campbell et al, 2002 ;Thayer and Jonsen, 2000) whilst one reported that the sex of the subject interacted with the sex of the face (Erwin et al, 1992). Women were found to be more sensitive to happiness in male faces (Erwin et al, 1992) whereas later data have shown women to be more accurate at identifying male faces regardless of emotion (Rahman et al, 2004). Nevertheless, our previous data have shown that gender-related differences in facial identity may not have a significant impact in the elderly (Savaskan et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Antidepressive therapy with Escitalopram improves mood, cognitive symptoms, and identity memory for angry faces in elderly depressed patients

Savaskan¹,

Mueller²,

Böhringer³

et al. 2008

European Psychiatry

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Depression is a common disorder in the elderly handicapping patients with affective and cognitive symptoms. Because of their good tolerability relative to the older tricyclic compounds, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are increasingly used for the treatment of depression in the elderly. Little is known about their effects on cognition in elderly patients. In the present 4-week, single centre, randomized, open-label trial we investigated the anti-depressive effects of escitalopram, an SSRI, in 18 elderly depressed patients (mean age ±SEM: 76.2±1.8) compared to 22 healthy age-matched controls (mean age: 76.9±1.8). Affective and cognitive symptoms were assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and a face portrait recognition test to assess memory for happy and angry faces. Depressed patients prior to treatment had markedly reduced memory performance. Treatment with escitalopram improved affective and cognitive symptoms significantly. Furthermore, escitalopram treatment improved memory for negative facial stimuli. Control subjects confirmed the well established memory bias favouring recognition of identities acquired with happy expression. Importantly, this bias was absent in depressed patients prior, but also after treatment. In conclusion, escitalopram, even after a relatively short treatment period, was effective in treating depression in the elderly and may help improve cognitive performance for social stimuli.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Antidepressive therapy with Escitalopram improves mood, cognitive symptoms, and identity memory for angry faces in elderly depressed patients

Savaskan¹,

Mueller²,

Böhringer³

et al. 2008

European Psychiatry

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“…This test requires the participant to determine whether the two faces in each pair of pictures are displaying the same or different emotions; and 3) Emotion Recognition-40 (ER40). [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] This test shows 40 pictures in which participants have to identify the displayed emotion. There are five options: anger, sad, fear, happy, and no emotion.…”

Section: Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deficits in recognition, identification, and discrimination of facial emotions in patients with bipolar disorder

Benito

Lahera

Herrera

et al. 2013

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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Objective: To analyze the recognition, identification, and discrimination of facial emotions in a sample of outpatients with bipolar disorder (BD). Methods: Forty-four outpatients with diagnosis of BD and 48 matched control subjects were selected. Both groups were assessed with tests for recognition (Emotion Recognition-40 --ER40), identification (Facial Emotion Identification Test --FEIT), and discrimination (Facial Emotion Discrimination Test --FEDT) of facial emotions, as well as a theory of mind (ToM) verbal test (Hinting Task). Differences between groups were analyzed, controlling the influence of mild depressive and manic symptoms. Results: Patients with BD scored significantly lower than controls on recognition (ER40), identification (FEIT), and discrimination (FEDT) of emotions. Regarding the verbal measure of ToM, a lower score was also observed in patients compared to controls. Patients with mild syndromal depressive symptoms obtained outcomes similar to patients in euthymia. A significant correlation between FEDT scores and global functioning (measured by the Functioning Assessment Short Test, FAST) was found. Conclusions: These results suggest that, even in euthymia, patients with BD experience deficits in recognition, identification, and discrimination of facial emotions, with potential functional implications.

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“…The behavioral task was constructed from Penn facial emotion stimuli (Erwin et al, 1992). Subjects were asked to identify emotional expressions from grayscale photographs of 2 male and 2 female faces, each varying in both emotional intensity and valence (happy versus sad).…”

Section: Stimulus Materials and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facial emotion recognition in schizophrenia:When and why does it go awry?

Turetsky

Kohler

Indersmitten

et al. 2007

Schizophrenia Research

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214

170

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Objective-Schizophrenia patients demonstrate impaired emotional processing that may be due, in part, to impaired facial emotion recognition. This study examined event-related potential (ERP) responses to emotional faces in schizophrenia patients and controls to determine when, in the temporal processing stream, patient abnormalities occur.Method-16 patients and 16 healthy control participants performed a facial emotion recognition task. Very sad, somewhat sad, neutral, somewhat happy, and very happy faces were each presented for 100 ms. Subjects indicated whether each face was "Happy", "Neutral", or "Sad". Evoked potential data were obtained using a 32-channel EEG system.Results-Controls performed better than patients in recognizing facial emotions. In patients, better recognition of happy faces correlated with less severe negative symptoms. Four ERP components corresponding to the P100, N170, N250, and P300 were identified. Group differences were noted for the N170 "face processing" component that underlies the structural encoding of facial features, but not for the subsequent N250 "affect modulation" component. Higher amplitude of the N170 response to sad faces was correlated with less severe delusional symptoms. Although P300 abnormalities were found, the variance of this component was explained by the earlier N170 response. Conclusion-Patientswith schizophrenia demonstrate abnormalities in early visual encoding of facial features that precedes the ERP response typically associated with facial affect recognition. This suggests that affect recognition deficits, at least for happy and sad discrimination, are secondary Correspondence: Bruce I. Turetsky, M.

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Facial emotion discrimination: I. Task construction and behavioral findings in normal subjects

Cited by 252 publications

References 32 publications

Antidepressive therapy with Escitalopram improves mood, cognitive symptoms, and identity memory for angry faces in elderly depressed patients

Antidepressive therapy with Escitalopram improves mood, cognitive symptoms, and identity memory for angry faces in elderly depressed patients

Deficits in recognition, identification, and discrimination of facial emotions in patients with bipolar disorder

Facial emotion recognition in schizophrenia:When and why does it go awry?

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