Facial clefts in the west of Scotland in the period 1980-1984: epidemiology and genetic diagnoses.

An epidemiological study of orofacial clefts in Croatia 1988–1998

“…The incidence of orofacial clefts of 1.64 per 1000 livebirths was recorded in Slovenia during the 1973-1993 period (Kozˇelj, 1996), and of 1.33 per 1000 livebirths in northern Italy during the 1978-1986 period (Calzolari et al, 1988), both being lower than the rate recorded in this study. A lower incidence of congenital orofacial clefts was also found in the epidemiological studies carried out in Great Britain (Owens et al, 1985), southeast Scotland (Womersley and Stone, 1987;Bellis and Wohlgemuth, 1999), Hungary (Hillig, 1991), France (Long et al, 1992), West Scotland (Fitzpatrick et al, 1994) and Belgium (Derijcke et al, 1996). Rintala (1986) reported on a cleft incidence of 1.74 per 1000 in Finland, whereas Milerad et al (1997) found 1.7 per 1000 in neighbouring Sweden, which is in accordance with our results.…”

Birth Prevalence of Cleft Lip and Palate in Northern Ireland (1981 to 2000)

“…The international literature however, suggests that cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL6P) dominates over CP alone worldwide. The findings in Northern Ireland of CP predominance over CL6P, is in keeping with findings documented in the Faroe Islands and Greenland (Jakobsen et al, 2003), Finland (Rintala, 1986), Western Scotland (Womersley and Stone, 1987;Fitzpatrick et al, 1994), and the Polynesian Islands (Chapman, 1983). Interestingly, these findings have not been mirrored in studies in closer geographic regions; in Southeast Scotland, Bellis and Wohlgemuth (1999), and in the West of Ireland, Hewson and McNamara (2000), have reported a higher birth prevalence of CL6P than CP.…”

“…Interestingly, these findings have not been mirrored in studies in closer geographic regions; in Southeast Scotland, Bellis and Wohlgemuth (1999), and in the West of Ireland, Hewson and McNamara (2000), have reported a higher birth prevalence of CL6P than CP. It has been proposed that the increased birth prevalence of CP in Scandinavia and parts of the U.K. may be a result of factors associated with the more northern location (Fitzpatrick et al, 1994).…”

“…Within the U.K. and Republic of Ireland, this range lies between 1.3 per 1000 live births (McMahon and McKeown, 1953) and 1.82 per 1000 live births (Coupland and Coupland, 1988). The time span of previous studies in the U.K. varies from birth prevalence reported over a 4-year period in Western Scotland (Fitzpatrick et al, 1994) to a 20-year period in Southeast Scotland (Bellis and Wohlgemuth, 1999). These data and the findings of studies in Northumberland (Knox and Braithwaite, 1962), Liverpool (Owens et al, 1985), Glasgow (Womersley and Stone, 1987), and Western Ireland (Hewson and McNamara, 2000), are summarized in Table 1.…”

Management of patients with non-syndromic clefts of the lip and/or palate part 1: from antenatal diagnosis to primary surgery

“…Orthodontics the ratio of CL(P) to CP is approximately 2:1 in England and Wales (Table 1), however, there is an increased prevalence of CP in Scotland and N Ireland and, as a result, [4][5][6] the ratio approximates 1:1. In general, boys have an increased prevalence of CL(P) when compared to girls (2:1), whilst girls are more likely to be affected by CP (1:2).…”