Facial average soft tissue depth variation based on skeletal classes in Indonesian adult population: A retrospective lateral cephalometric study

Sarilita, Erli; Rynn, Christopher; Mossey, Peter; Black, Sue; Oscandar, Fahmi

doi:10.1016/j.legalmed.2019.101665

Cited by 15 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In addition, the five upper lip characteristics in Class III group changed inversely to that in Class II. It is conceivable that upper lip length increases due to maxillary overgrowth, and upper lip thickness augments in cases with maxillary retrusion due to soft tissue compensation, which is also confirmed by previous studies in other countries [ 5 , 32 , 33 ]. However, the significant decrease in nasolabial angle from Class II to Class III was contradictory to previous studies, including Burstone’s perspective that decreased nasolabial angle indicated maxillary protrusion [ 31 , 34 , 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Accumulated evidence has demonstrated that both sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns greatly impact on soft tissue morphology [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. For instance, a study on an Indonesian population found that the upper lip was generally deeper in Class III compared to Class II [ 5 ]. Similarly, it was shown that facial soft tissue thickness, especially in the chin area, varied among different vertical developmental patterns, which was smaller in hyperdivergent patterns [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of Upper Lip Morphology Characteristics with Sagittal and Vertical Skeletal Patterns: A Cross Sectional Study

et al. 2021

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Background: Upper lip morphology is essential in diagnosis and treatment of orthodontics and orthognathic surgery. This study is aimed to evaluate the association between upper lip characteristics (ULCs) and skeletal patterns (SPs). Methods: 2079 patients were involved and grouped by sagittal and vertical. Class I, II, and III were identified by ANB angle, while normodivergent, hyperdivergent, and hypodivergent were identified by Facial Height Index and Sum of Angles. ULCs were evaluated by superior sulcus depth, nasolabial angle, upper lip length, basic upper lip thickness, and upper lip thickness. Confounders including demography, malocclusion, upper incisors, and upper lips were adjusted by multivariate linear regression to identify the association between ULCs and SPs. Group differences were evaluated with analysis of variance and Chi-square test. Results: The mean value of ULCs and prevalence of SPs were explored in the Western China population. ULCs were significantly different in various sagittal, vertical, and combined SPs. Superior sulcus depth was negatively related to Class II, and positively related to Class III and the hypodivergent pattern after adjusted by confounders. Conclusion: ULCs significantly varied among different SPs, while only superior sulcus depth was independently associated with SPs, indicating superior sulcus depth is the only ULC that might be significantly corrected by intervention of skeletal growth.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Upper Lip Morphology Characteristics with Sagittal and Vertical Skeletal Patterns: A Cross Sectional Study

et al. 2021

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“…Skeletal classification was performed by ANB angle, 15,22,24 which indicates the relations between maxilla and mandible. Another anterior-posterior index measured in this study was A-B plane to facial plane angle.…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anterior-posterior skeletal classifications: in orthodontics, people are classified into three skeletal classes based on the anatomical relationship between maxilla and mandible 14 and Various studies have reported differences in soft tissue thickness in similar races among these three classes. 15,16 Edward Angle classified dental malocclusion into four classes, namely normal malocclusion, class I malocclusion, class II malocclusion and class III malocclusion. 17 This classification can also be used for patients' skeletal conditions based on the anterior-posterior position of the maxilla and mandible relative to one another.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Soft Tissue Thickness in Different Anterior-Posterior Skeletal Classifications Informative

Safarzadeh¹,

Monirifard²,

Shirban³

2021

PJMHS

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Background: The soft tissue thickness is affected by anterior posterior skeletal relationship. This study has been designed to evaluate the soft tissue thickness among different anterior posterior skeletal classifications. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 206 digital lateral cephalometric radiographs from patients undergoing treatment at several orthodontic clinics were evaluated. The skeletal group was determined by the ANB angle. The planned points were determined on digital radiographs using the Digimizer.V4.1.1.0 and then the measurements were done. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, Pearson Correlation and Spearman tests. Results: Significant difference showed between soft tissue thickness at Subnasale between class I and II, at Subnasale, Labrale Superius, Stomion Superius, Stomion Inferius between class I and III and at Subnasale, Labrale Superius, Stomion Superius, Stomion Inferius, between class II and III. Among the women, soft tissue thickness at subnasale were higher in class I group compared to class II, Subnasale, Labrale Superius, Stomion Superius, Stomion Inferius were higher in class III compared to class I and at Labrale Inferius was higher in class II compared to class III. Among the men, soft tissue thickness at Stomion Superius, Stomion Inferius and Labrale Superius were higher in class III group compared to class I and II. Conclusion: We established that soft tissue thickness in some landmarks were significantly different between skeletal groups and gender. There is a correlation in soft tissue thickness and skeletal relationship at Stomion Inferius, Subnasale, Labrale Superius, Stomion Superius. Keywords: Soft Tissue, Skeletal Classification, Cephalometry

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“…Data on women who occupied the DPR seats in 1999-2004 were 46 (9%), men 500 (91%), while in 2004-2009 women were 61 (11.09%) and 489 men (88). ,9%) (Kobayashi et al, 2011); (Sarilita, Rynn, Mossey, Black, & Oscandar, 2020).…”

Section: Barometer Global Corruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategy for Winning Women's Legislature in the 2019 Malang General Election

Larasati

Darsono

Kanto

et al. 2022

JRSSEM

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This study aims to explore strategies for winning women's legislatures in politics. Women in the history of civilization are often number two. With the help of previous studies, we can find out that the impacts that women bring on politics to policy making have a significant positive impact. This study uses a qualitative research method with a phenomenological approach. The location in this study is Malang Raya (Malang City, Batu City and Malang Regency) as the second largest city and an education city located in East Java province, where East Java province is known as a province with mature political maturity in Indonesia because several stakeholders important power is women. With the help of some descriptive data that shows the level of participation or representation of women in government in Malang Raya, the researchers focused on how the strategies of these women in enabling themselves to assume power. The results of the study show that various strategies used by women in Malang Raya in winning legislative seats can be used as further studies as points that allow for an increase in the realization of women's representation in government.

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Facial average soft tissue depth variation based on skeletal classes in Indonesian adult population: A retrospective lateral cephalometric study

Cited by 15 publications

References 46 publications

Association of Upper Lip Morphology Characteristics with Sagittal and Vertical Skeletal Patterns: A Cross Sectional Study

Association of Upper Lip Morphology Characteristics with Sagittal and Vertical Skeletal Patterns: A Cross Sectional Study

Evaluating Soft Tissue Thickness in Different Anterior-Posterior Skeletal Classifications Informative

Strategy for Winning Women's Legislature in the 2019 Malang General Election

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