Faceted garnets from sandstones of the Munising Formation (Cambrian), northern Michigan: petrographic evidence for their origin by intrastratal dissolution

Salvino, John F.; Velbel, M. A.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3091.1989.tb00613.x

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In addition, little development of imbricated wedge marks on the surface of the studied clinopyroxene grains suggests that the minerals were affected by the dissolution of their original crystal boundaries rather than grain enlargement produced by crystal overgrowths. Similar observations were previously made for detrital garnet (Salvino & Velbel, 1989;Velbel et al, 2007), suggesting this may be a recurring feature of ferro-magnesian minerals not encountered as commonly in quartz.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Surface textures of detrital pyroxenes in coastal dune sands (western Gulf of Mexico, Mexico): Implications for their preservation and geoenvironmental processes

Kasper‐Zubillaga

Martínez‐Serrano

Buchs

et al. 2023

The Depositional Record

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This work investigates how the surface textures and morphology of pyroxene grains evolve during their source‐to‐sink history. This study applies to detrital clinopyroxenes concentrated in coastal dune sands of the Gulf of Mexico which were sourced in the Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt then transported and deposited in environments subject to limited chemical weathering. The composition and morphology of the pyroxenes was characterised using single‐grain geochemical analysis and surface texture imagery with a novel approach based on the compactness property to assess the shape of minerals. This reveals heterogenous diopside‐augite populations, displaying mineral morphologies dominantly controlled by impact breakage along cleavages, little physical abrasion along their edges and with limited evidence for chemical weathering. Mechanical surface textures dominate over mechanical/chemical and chemical surface textures. These mechanical surface textures are preserved primarily as flat cleavage surfaces and rounded edges inherited from fluvial‐intertidal and aeolian transport, respectively. Mechanically/chemically induced surface textures are preserved as elongated depressions. Chemical surface textures are sparse and mostly represented by mammillated textures that suggest local dissolution under subaqueous conditions. The scarcity of chemical surface textures is attributed to frequent fragmentation of the clinopyroxenes along cleavages and limited chemical weathering during transport of the observed populations. Clinopyroxene grains in the coastal dune sands primarily retain surface characteristics from fluvial transport. Although the breakage of minerals along cleavages can obscure their original morphology under a weathering‐limited erosion regime, this study shows how surface textures and morphology of pyroxene grains is used to determine episodes of transport and deposition close to volcanic environments. The use of the compactness property as a shape descriptor measurement of particles provides an alternative approach to observe how clinopyroxene remains unaltered despite the high energy conditions of the coastal area.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Surface textures of detrital pyroxenes in coastal dune sands (western Gulf of Mexico, Mexico): Implications for their preservation and geoenvironmental processes

Kasper‐Zubillaga

Martínez‐Serrano

Buchs

et al. 2023

The Depositional Record

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“…6b, c). In some cases, notably garnet, such forms have been attributed erroneously to crystal growth rather than dissolution (see Morton et al 1989;Salvino & Velbel 1989, for further discussion).…”

Section: Heavy Mineral Stability During Weathering and Burial Diagenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Provenance models: the role of sandstone mineral–chemical stratigraphy

Hurst

Morton

2013

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Three distinct analytical approaches are embraced in mineral-chemical stratigraphy: mineralogy, whole-rock geochemistry and single-grain geochemical analysis. Mineralogical studies identify and quantify the clastic components of sandstone, even though any clast category may be geochemically diverse. Whole-rock geochemical studies (sometimes referred to as chemostratigraphy), by contrast, quantify the abundance of major and trace elements in sandstone, but provide no information on the distribution and location of the elements in minerals. These approaches are linked by single-grain geochemical analysis, which enables further characterization and subdivision of individual mineralogical components, and identifies sites where specific major and trace elements reside.In this paper, we consider the relationships between minerals, mineral chemistry and whole-rock composition, before exploring the value of mineral-chemical stratigraphy for lithostratigraphic correlation and evaluation of sediment provenance, using published examples from the North Sea region, where the great majority of such studies have been undertaken. We conclude by discussing the important role that alluvial basins play in controlling mineral-chemical signatures. Mineral -chemical relationships in sandstonesThe mineralogical components of sandstones are typically classified into four main groups, comprising framework grains (quartz, feldspar, rock fragments), heavy minerals, clay minerals, and authigenic phases. Of these, the framework components, the clay minerals, and the heavy minerals may all have some role to play in mineral-chemical stratigraphy. Although a wide variety of authigenic phases are identified in sandstones, their secondary nature precludes their use in reservoir correlation, except in unusual circumstances.

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“…The relative roughness of the exterior of a grain or the facets developed on its surfaces can provide information about the mechanical and corrosion history that the detrital grain has experienced. Faceted garnets in heavy mineral suites usually denote the dissolution after deposition (e.g., Hansley, 1987;Morton et al, 1989;Salvino and Velbel, 1989). In this case, some heavy minerals can fully disappear.…”

Section: Provenance Of the Heavy Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy minerals and exotic pebbles from the Eocene flysch deposits of the Magura Nappe (Outer Western Carpathians, eastern Slovakia): their composition and implications on the provenance

Bónová¹,

Bóna²,

Kováčik³

et al. 2018

Turkish J Earth Sci

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The study aims to reconstruct the crystalline parent rock assemblages of the Eocene Strihovce Formation (Krynica Unit) and Mrázovce Member (Rača Unit) deposits, based on the heavy mineral suites, their corrosive features, geochemistry of garnet and tourmaline, zircon cathodoluminescence (CL) images, and exotic pebble composition. Both units are an integral part of the Magura Nappe belonging to the Flysch Belt (Outer Western Carpathians). Corrosion signs observable on heavy minerals point to different burial conditions and/or diverse sources. The compositions of the detrital garnets and tourmalines as well as the CL study of zircons indicate their origin in gneisses, mica schists, amphibolites, and granites in the source area. According to observed petrographic and mineralogical characteristics, palaeoflow data and palaeogeographical situation during the Eocene may show that the Tisza Mega-Unit crystalline complexes including a segment of the flysch substratum could represent the lateral (southern) input of detritus for the Krynica Unit. The Rača Unit might have been fed from the northern source formed by the unpreserved Silesian Ridge. The Marmarosh Massif (coupled with the Fore-Marmarosh Suture Zone) is promoted to be a longitudinal source.

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Faceted garnets from sandstones of the Munising Formation (Cambrian), northern Michigan: petrographic evidence for their origin by intrastratal dissolution

Cited by 16 publications

References 17 publications

Surface textures of detrital pyroxenes in coastal dune sands (western Gulf of Mexico, Mexico): Implications for their preservation and geoenvironmental processes

Surface textures of detrital pyroxenes in coastal dune sands (western Gulf of Mexico, Mexico): Implications for their preservation and geoenvironmental processes

Provenance models: the role of sandstone mineral–chemical stratigraphy

Heavy minerals and exotic pebbles from the Eocene flysch deposits of the Magura Nappe (Outer Western Carpathians, eastern Slovakia): their composition and implications on the provenance

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