Faces are "spatial"--holistic face perception is supported by low spatial frequencies.

Goffaux, Valérie; Rossion, Bruno

doi:10.1037/0096-1523.32.4.1023

Cited by 324 publications

(398 citation statements)

References 119 publications

(227 reference statements)

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“…There is a large body of work suggesting that many aspects of face processing may occur holistically, rather than at the level of components or individual features (de Heering, Houthuys, & Rossion, 2006;Goffaux & Rossion, 2006;Singer & Sheinberg, 2006;Tanaka, Kay, Grinnell, Stansfield, & Szechter, 1998;Yovel & Duchaine, 2006). The lack of an aftereffect in the Quartered-Face/Mixed-Expression condition of Experiment 1 is consistent with this view.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…While facial features can clearly be recognized and exist independent of the whole-face context, many face-related phenomena are said to depend upon or reflect 'holistic' processing, in which the configuration and inter-relation of features in their natural facial context is critical (de Heering, Houthuys, & Rossion, 2006;Goffaux & Rossion, 2006;Singer & Sheinberg, 2006;Tanaka, Kay, Grinnell, Stansfield, & Szechter, 1998;Yovel & Duchaine, 2006). To examine the role of both facial features and configuration in face adaptation, we performed two additional experiments, one in which features were presented without the normal facial configuration, and another in which the normal facial configuration was preserved but presented with minimal (or impoverished) feature information.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors contributing to the adaptation aftereffects of facial expression

et al. 2008

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Previous studies have demonstrated the existence of adaptation aftereffects for facial expressions. Here we investigated which aspects of facial stimuli contribute to these aftereffects. In Experiment 1 we examined the role of local adaptation to image elements such as curvature, shape and orientation, independent of expression, by using hybrid faces constructed from either the same or opposing expressions. While hybrid faces made with consistent expressions generated aftereffects as large as that with normal faces, there were no aftereffects from hybrid faces made from different expressions, despite the fact that these contained the same local image elements. In Experiment 2 we examined the role of facial features independent of the normal face configuration, by contrasting adaptation with whole faces to adaptation with scrambled faces. We found that scrambled faces also generated significant aftereffects, indicating that expressive features without a normal facial configuration could generate expression aftereffects. In Experiment 3 we examined the role of facial configuration by using schematic faces made from line elements that in isolation do not carry expression-related information (e.g. curved segments and straight lines), but that convey an expression when arranged in a normal facial configuration. We obtained a significant aftereffect for facial configurations but not scrambled configurations of these line elements. We conclude that face expression aftereffects are not due to local adaptation to image elements but due to high-level adaptation of neural representations that involve both facial features and facial configuration.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors contributing to the adaptation aftereffects of facial expression

et al. 2008

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“…This distinct information processing strategy may suggest that participants consider the face more globally when judging familiarity (perhaps in a more holistic manner (e.g. Farah et al, 1995;Goffaux et Rossion, 2006) Our results for the familiarity task are broadly in line with the findings of an eye-tracking study by Hsiao & Cottrell (2008). These authors reported that participants could classify newly learned faces as old (vs. new) from as little as two fixations to the central upper region of the face when they were restricted in the number of fixations they could make (after a set number of fixations the stimulus was replaced by an average face mask).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct information critically distinguishes judgments of face familiarity and identity.

Smith¹,

Volna²,

Ewing³

2016

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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Accurately determining the familiarity of another and correctly establishing their identity are vital social skills. A considerable body of work has explored their perceptual and neural underpinnings and debate remains regarding whether they are dissociable, i.e., separable parts of a dual process, or different aspects of a common retrieval process. Less is known about the specific visual information that guides familiarity judgments and how this compares to the information used to identify a face by name. Here we sought to establish the critical information underlying participants' judgments of facial familiarity and identification. We created a new standardized stimulus set comprising 6 personally familiar and 12 unfamiliar faces and applied the Bubbles reverse-correlation methodology to establish the information driving correct performance in each task. Results revealed that markedly different information underlies familiarity and identity judgments. When categorizing familiarity, participants relied more upon lower spatial-frequency, broad facial cues (eye and face shape) than when categorizing identity, which relied on fine details in the internal features (eyes and mouth).These results provide novel evidence of qualitatively distinct information use in familiarity and identification judgments and emphasize the importance of considering the task set for participants and their processing strategy when investigating face recognition.3

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“…Indeed, a great debate has long divided psychologists (e.g., Coelho, Cloete, & Wallis, 2010;Goffaux & Rossion, 2006): What is really processed when attention is directed toward a face in general, or an emotional face in particular: the local features or the face as a whole? Arguments in favor of both sides coexist (e.g., Calvo & Nummenmaa, 2008;Horstmann, Becker, Bergmann, & Burghaus, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visuomotor integration of relevant and irrelevant angry and fearful facial expressions

Coll

Grandjean

2016

Acta Psychologica

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Our brain codes the features of perceptual events in a distributed fashion, raising the question of how information belonging to one event is processed without any interference of features from other events. Hommel (1998) suggested the "event file" concept to elucidate these mechanisms: an episodic memory trace "binding" together perceptual features and actions related to an object. Using a similar paradigm, we designed a pilot experiment and four additional experiments to investigate whether emotion, similarly than perceptual features, could bind with a motor response when the emotion was relevant and irrelevant for the task. Few studies have revealed this to be the case. We investigated how angry and fearful faces expressed by avatars and humans might be subject to a binding phenomenon. Our results show that at least three degrees of visuomotor binding seem to coexist: one implicating the relevant feature of the task with a strong effect on behavior, another implicating the location with a smaller behavioral effect (even if not task related), and a third implicating non-task-related features with behavioral effects only under specific conditions in which emotion could play a role. Our adaptation of Hommel's paradigm showed that emotional percepts can be subject to visuomotor binding effects even if the emotion is not task related confirming the important role of emotional information for the central nervous system. These findings offer new perspective in the investigation of the emotion-action binding at the neuronal level.

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Faces are "spatial"--holistic face perception is supported by low spatial frequencies.

Cited by 324 publications

References 119 publications

Factors contributing to the adaptation aftereffects of facial expression

Factors contributing to the adaptation aftereffects of facial expression

Distinct information critically distinguishes judgments of face familiarity and identity.

Visuomotor integration of relevant and irrelevant angry and fearful facial expressions

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