Facebook behaviors associated with diurnal cortisol in adolescents: Is befriending stressful?

Morin-Major, Julie Katia; Marin, Marie‐France; Durand, Nadia; Wan, Nathalie; Juster, Robert‐Paul; Lupien, Sonia J.

doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.10.005

Cited by 73 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Rae and Lonborg [73] found that a greater number of friends on Facebook was associated with higher general positive affect and life satisfaction, when use of the site was motivated by maintaining friendships. The remaining studies demonstrated no significant relationship between the number of SNS friends, depression, or anxiety [53,57,64,67,71,73,78,79,85,86]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Networking Sites, Depression, and Anxiety: A Systematic Review

Seabrook¹,

Kern²,

Rickard³

2016

JMIR Ment Health

520

394

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BackgroundSocial networking sites (SNSs) have become a pervasive part of modern culture, which may also affect mental health.ObjectiveThe aim of this systematic review was to identify and summarize research examining depression and anxiety in the context of SNSs. It also aimed to identify studies that complement the assessment of mental illness with measures of well-being and examine moderators and mediators that add to the complexity of this environment.MethodsA multidatabase search was performed. Papers published between January 2005 and June 2016 relevant to mental illness (depression and anxiety only) were extracted and reviewed.ResultsPositive interactions, social support, and social connectedness on SNSs were consistently related to lower levels of depression and anxiety, whereas negative interaction and social comparisons on SNSs were related to higher levels of depression and anxiety. SNS use related to less loneliness and greater self-esteem and life satisfaction. Findings were mixed for frequency of SNS use and number of SNS friends. Different patterns in the way individuals with depression and individuals with social anxiety engage with SNSs are beginning to emerge.ConclusionsThe systematic review revealed many mixed findings between depression, anxiety, and SNS use. Methodology has predominantly focused on self-report cross-sectional approaches; future research will benefit from leveraging real-time SNS data over time. The evidence suggests that SNS use correlates with mental illness and well-being; however, whether this effect is beneficial or detrimental depends at least partly on the quality of social factors in the SNS environment. Understanding these relationships will lead to better utilization of SNSs in their potential to positively influence mental health.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Networking Sites, Depression, and Anxiety: A Systematic Review

Seabrook¹,

Kern²,

Rickard³

2016

JMIR Ment Health

520

394

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Both Adam et al [26] ( n = 230, age 17.04 ± 0.36 years) and Williams et al [27] ( n = 27, age 9.13 ± 1.41 years) reported a steeper diurnal cortisol curve in girls. Morin-Major et al [28] ( n = 88, age 14.5 ± 1.8 years) found a higher area under the curve as measured from the ground (AUCg) in girls. Martikainen et al [29] ( n = 252, age 8.1 ± 0.3 years) reported a higher cortisol level at awakening in girls, while there was no difference between sexes at nadir, suggesting a steeper cortisol decline over the day in girls compared to boys.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is HPA axis reactivity in childhood gender-specific? A systematic review

et al. 2017

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BackgroundIn adults, hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis activity shows sexual dimorphism, and this is thought to be a mechanism underlying sex-specific disease incidence. Evidence is scarce on whether these sex differences are also present in childhood. In a meta-analysis, we recently found that basal (non-stimulated) cortisol in saliva and free cortisol in 24-h urine follow sex-specific patterns. We explored whether these findings could be extended with sex differences in HPA axis reactivity.MethodsFrom inception to January 2016, PubMed and EMBASE.com were searched for studies that assessed HPA axis reactivity in healthy girls and boys aged ≤18 years. Articles were systematically assessed and reported in the categories: (1) diurnal rhythm, (2) cortisol awakening response (CAR), (3) protocolled social stress tests similar or equal to the Trier Social Stress Test for children (TSST-C), (4) pharmacological (ACTH and CRH) stress tests, and (5) miscellaneous stress tests.ResultsTwo independent assessors selected 109 out of 6158 records for full-text screening, of which 81 studies (with a total of 14,591 subjects) were included. Studies showed that girls had a tendency towards a more variable diurnal rhythm (12 out of 29 studies), a higher CAR (8 out of 18 studies), and a stronger cortisol response to social stress tests (9 out of 21 studies). We found no evidence for sex differences in cortisol response after a pharmacological challenge or to miscellaneous stress tests.DiscussionSex differences in HPA axis reactivity appear to be present in childhood, although evidence is not unequivocal. For a better evaluation of sex differences in HPA axis reactivity, standardization of protocols and reports of stress tests is warranted.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13293-017-0144-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Although we may expect similar outcomes of stress perceived in an online and offline context, as Facebook may offer users a new context to perceive and experience stress (e.g., Fox & Moreland, 2015;Morin-Major et al, 2016), this is only an assumption. No study thus far has examined the health correlates or outcomes of perceiving stress in a Facebook context.…”

Section: Limitations and Directions For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“I don’t want to miss a thing”: Adolescents’ fear of missing out and its relationship to adolescents’ social needs, Facebook use, and Facebook related stress

Beyens

Frison

Eggermont

2016

Computers in Human Behavior

586

340

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a b s t r a c tThis survey study among adolescents (N ¼ 402) investigates an integrative model that examines (1) the mediating role of adolescents' fear of missing out (FoMO) in the relationships of adolescents' need to belong and need for popularity with adolescents' Facebook use and (2) the relationships of adolescents' FoMO with adolescents' perceived stress related to the use of Facebook. Structural equation modeling results indicated that an increased need to belong and an increased need for popularity were associated with an increased use of Facebook. These relationships were mediated by FoMO. Increased FoMO was associated with increased stress related to Facebook use. These results emphasize the important role that FoMO plays in adolescents' media use and well-being.

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Facebook behaviors associated with diurnal cortisol in adolescents: Is befriending stressful?

Cited by 73 publications

References 43 publications

Social Networking Sites, Depression, and Anxiety: A Systematic Review

Social Networking Sites, Depression, and Anxiety: A Systematic Review

Is HPA axis reactivity in childhood gender-specific? A systematic review

“I don’t want to miss a thing”: Adolescents’ fear of missing out and its relationship to adolescents’ social needs, Facebook use, and Facebook related stress

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