Face (Mentsu), Shame and Pride in Identity Negotiation

“How Do I See Myself? It’s Complicated”: Qualitatively Eliciting, Analyzing and Understanding Individuals’ Self-Attitudes towards Identity in an Australian Jewish Community

“…Nevertheless, the test is still used in sociological research, both in its original and amended forms. Of particular relevance to this current study, the test has been used in several recent studies on the topic of cultural and ethnic identity [25][26][27]. However, the use of tests in this way in cultural anthropology is not widespread, despite the fact that "cultural identity is contextualized as a part of an overall personal identity as well as characterized as a quality of the community" [28] and that cultural identities can only be understood as being made up of shared but singular facets of the broader identities of cultural community members.…”

“…[10] was devised for use with a cohort of Jewish individuals. In accordance with critiques of the original test, the modified test called for participants to provide ten statements, rather than twenty, similar to other studies using the test with discrete ethnic groups [25,27]. Participants were instructed to provide the first ten answers that came to mind when considering the prompt "as a Jew, who are you?"…”