Face masks affect perception of happy faces in deaf people

Amadeo, Maria Bianca; Escelsior, Andrea; Amore, Mario; Serafini, Gianluca; Silva, Beatriz Pereira da; Gori, Monica

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-16138-x

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Since then and until now, wearing a mask has been compulsory in hospitals. This wearing of a mask represents an obstacle to the evaluation of behavior because parent's facial expressions are di cult to interpret by observers (25).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental behavior scale in pediatric dentistry: a randomized observational study

Vanhee

Dadoun

Abbeele

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: The objective of this study is to create and validate a hetero-rating scale of parental behavior and verify the correlation between the behavior of children and that of parents during a pediatric dentistry session as well as the ability to perform the required clinical procedure. Methods: This prospective randomized observational study was conducted at the pediatric dentistry consultation. All sessions were filmed. In 60 children from 3 age groups, 2 raters collected data using the modified Venham scale for children and a new hetero-rating scale for parents. These experts analyzed the 60 videos twice and attributed scores at time points of entering the dental office, being seated in the dental chair and during treatment. Results: There is a significant positive correlation between parental behavior at entrance and that of children in the dental office at the treatment stage over all age groups for both raters (Kendall Tau: 0.20 – 0.30). Furthermore, a panel of 20 observers, dental practitioners with different backgrounds, scored a randomized selection of recordings of 5 children per age group. The agreement between both experts was higher than that between the 20 clinicians. Conclusions: A Venham type of scale with categories involving multiple aspects can be used in research but the application in the dental practice needs further development. The link between parental anxiety and anxiety of the child is confirmed but further research is required to incorporate aspects of treatment and detailed parent behavior. Trial registration: The protocol is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov site with the ID NCT05026515 (23/08/2021). The data described in this article are available in https://zenodo.org/record/5813285.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental behavior scale in pediatric dentistry: a randomized observational study

Vanhee

Dadoun

Abbeele

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…The first group of children (< 4 years) should have only encompassed children aged 3 and 4. It is from the age of 3 that children develop the ability to understand and solve problems, memorize information, and exercise their own judgment [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Parental Behavior Scale in Pediatric Dentistry: The Development of an Observational Scale

et al. 2023

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Children’s treatment means a triangular relationship between the child, practitioner, and parent, with specific interactions influencing the procedure. The objective was to create and validate a hetero-rating scale of parental behavior and verify the correlation between child and parental behavior during pediatric dentistry sessions. Treatment sessions were recorded and evaluated, including 60 children representing three age groups. Two raters interpreted the resulting video clips using the modified Venham scale for children and the new hetero-rating scale for parents. They analyzed the videos twice and attributed scores at different time points of the appointment. The correlation between parental behavior upon entrance and the children’s behavioral at the dental office in the treatment stage was significantly positive in both raters (Kendall Tau: 0.20–0.30). Furthermore, a panel of 20 dental practitioners scored a randomized selection of five recordings per age group. The level of agreement between the two experts was higher than that between the 20 clinicians. Venham types of scale involving multiple aspects can be used in research, but their application in dental practice requires further development. The link between parental anxiety and child anxiety is confirmed, but further research is required to incorporate specific aspects of treatment and parental behavior.

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“…The kindergarten staff were required to wear face masks, while masks were optional for children. The experimental design and procedure were identical to our previous study ( Gori et al, 2021 ; Amadeo et al, 2022 ; Escelsior et al, 2022 ). To assess emotions’ recognition from facial expressions we used a standardized verbal-response test based on selecting an emotion’s label (out of a forced-choice selection) to describe static images of posed human facial expressions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Original face images were obtained with permission from the ER-40 color emotional stimuli public database ( Gur et al, 2002 ; Pinkham et al, 2008 ). With permission from Amadeo et al (2022) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lesson learned from the COVID-19 pandemic: toddlers learn earlier to read emotions with face masks

Gori,

Schiatti,

Faggioni

et al. 2024

Front. Psychol.

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In a prior study we demonstrated that the presence of face masks impairs the human capability of accurately inferring emotions conveyed through facial expressions, at all ages. The degree of impairment posed by face covering was notably more pronounced in children aged between three and five years old. In the current study, we conducted the same test as a follow-up after one year from the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, when the requirement of wearing face masks was holding in almost all circumstances of everyday life when social interactions occur. The results indicate a noteworthy improvement in recognizing facial expressions with face masks among children aged three to five, compared to the pre-pandemic settings. These findings hold a significant importance, suggesting that toddlers effectively mitigated the social challenges associated with masks use: they overcame initial environmental limitations, improving their capability to interpret facial expressions even in the absence of visual cues from the lower part of the face.

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Face masks affect perception of happy faces in deaf people

Cited by 6 publications

References 45 publications

Parental behavior scale in pediatric dentistry: a randomized observational study

Parental behavior scale in pediatric dentistry: a randomized observational study

A Parental Behavior Scale in Pediatric Dentistry: The Development of an Observational Scale

Lesson learned from the COVID-19 pandemic: toddlers learn earlier to read emotions with face masks

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