Fabrication Stresses in Graphite-Resin Composites

Novak, R. C.; DeCrescente, M. A.

doi:10.1115/1.3445367

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Novak and M.A. DeCrescent [2] The individual layers thermal and mechanical properties in crossed-plied composite made of graphite and epoxy are greatly influences on residual thermal stresses are present in the composite. Analytical method and experimental method of evaluation in different cross-ply composite for residual stresses is done and compared the results for validation.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geometrical behavior of laminated graphite/epoxy composite using hypermesh

Ramakrishna¹,

Rao²,

Arji³

2018

IJET

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The laminated composite material is made of ply which are specically used in automotive, aerospace and military applications due to less in weight and high strength to weight ratio. The role of structural strength is very important in composites, as the material is weak in inherent strength leads to damage of equipment made with the laminated composite. Hence, an accurate understanding of their structural geometrical behavior for residual stresses is required, such as residual stresses with different aspect ratios. In present work, various aspect ratios of laminated composite and its residual stresses are investigated using finite element analysis. The numerical results showed, on the residual stresses, that the effects the change the residual stresses due change of aspect ratio of laminated Graphite/epoxy composite.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geometrical behavior of laminated graphite/epoxy composite using hypermesh

Ramakrishna¹,

Rao²,

Arji³

2018

IJET

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“…In Reference [13] it was found that a highly flexibilized resin with a low glass transition temperature dissipated much of the residual stress through plastic deformation and hence reduced matrix cracking. However, the resulting laminate was not effective at higher temperatures (above 165°F).…”

Section: Review Of Cold Regions Related Composite Materials Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimental studies have been undertaken to validate analytical models used to predict composite material residual stresses for various material combinations, ply layups, and stacking sequences [13][14][15][16][17]. These studies have shown that for polymer-based thermosetting resins, residual strain buildup occurs only upon solidification of the resin at peak curing temperature and during subsequent cooldown.…”

Section: Review Of Cold Regions Related Composite Materials Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Design of Polymeric Composite Structures for Cold Regions Applications

Lord

Dutta

1988

Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites

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This study focuses attention on low-temperature hygrothermal effects which influence the short-and long-term behavior and characterization of polymeric composite materials. A review of the literature reveals a scarcity of low-temperature material performance data needed for design of composite materials for cold regions applications. Four problem areas are identified: (1) hygrothermal residual stresses, (2) material degradation due to low-temperature environmental cycling, (3) moisture effects on freeze-thaw cycling, and (4) long-term synergistic effects of combined loading history and environmental exposure on material durability. A brief review of past work is presented and areas identified where more research is needed to develop the data base required for design of composite materials for cold environments.

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“…Since the preforms associated with the production of composites are processed at elevated temperatures, residual stresses can develop in the composite due to a number of reasons [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Twigg et al [ 7 ] proposed that the sources of residual stresses in composites can be classified as extrinsic or intrinsic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring Pre-Stressed Composites Using Optical Fibre Sensors

Krishnamurthy¹,

Badcock

Machavaram

et al. 2016

Sensors

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Residual stresses in fibre reinforced composites can give rise to a number of undesired effects such as loss of dimensional stability and premature fracture. Hence, there is significant merit in developing processing techniques to mitigate the development of residual stresses. However, tracking and quantifying the development of these fabrication-induced stresses in real-time using conventional non-destructive techniques is not straightforward. This article reports on the design and evaluation of a technique for manufacturing pre-stressed composite panels from unidirectional E-glass/epoxy prepregs. Here, the magnitude of the applied pre-stress was monitored using an integrated load-cell. The pre-stressing rig was based on a flat-bed design which enabled autoclave-based processing. A method was developed to end-tab the laminated prepregs prior to pre-stressing. The development of process-induced residual strain was monitored in-situ using embedded optical fibre sensors. Surface-mounted electrical resistance strain gauges were used to measure the strain when the composite was unloaded from the pre-stressing rig at room temperature. Four pre-stress levels were applied prior to processing the laminated preforms in an autoclave. The results showed that the application of a pre-stress of 108 MPa to a unidirectional [0]16 E-glass/913 epoxy preform, reduced the residual strain in the composite from −600 µε (conventional processing without pre-stress) to approximately zero. A good correlation was observed between the data obtained from the surface-mounted electrical resistance strain gauge and the embedded optical fibre sensors. In addition to “neutralising” the residual stresses, superior axial orientation of the reinforcement can be obtained from pre-stressed composites. A subsequent publication will highlight the consequences of pres-stressing on fibre alignment, the tensile, flexural, compressive and fatigue performance of unidirectional E-glass composites.

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Fabrication Stresses in Graphite-Resin Composites

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Geometrical behavior of laminated graphite/epoxy composite using hypermesh

Geometrical behavior of laminated graphite/epoxy composite using hypermesh

On the Design of Polymeric Composite Structures for Cold Regions Applications

Monitoring Pre-Stressed Composites Using Optical Fibre Sensors

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