Fabrication of ZnPc/protein nanohorns for double photodynamic and hyperthermic cancer phototherapy

Zhang, Minfang; Murakami, Tatsuya; Ajima, Kumiko; Tsuchida, Kunihiro; Sandanayaka, Atula S. D.; Ito, Osamu; Iijima, Sumio; Yudasaka, Masako

doi:10.1073/pnas.0801349105

Cited by 252 publications

(194 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…To enable such a dual phototherapy, composites containing two components generating PD and PT effects have been suggested. Examples include a ZnPc-encapsulated carbon nanohorn 35 and an indocyanine greenconjugated gold nanorod. 36 Interestingly, the ZnPc NW shows both PD and PT effects upon NIR illumination.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significant increase in the water dispersibility of zinc phthalocyanine nanowires and applications in cancer phototherapy

et al. 2012

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The phototherapy is one of the widely accepted noninvasive clinical methodologies to eradicate cancer cells owing to its minimal side effects and high selectivity to the light of specific wavelength. As represented by photodynamic (PD) and photothermal (PT) therapy, the phototherapy requires light and photosensitizer to generate reactive oxygen species and heat, respectively. Zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) is one of the promising photosensitizers as it has a strong absorption cross-section in the spectral range of 650-900 nm that guarantees maximum tissue penetration. One critical issue in using Pc molecule, including ZnPc as a biocompatible sensitizer is the poor water solubility. To increase water solubility, various chemical modifications inducing hydrophilicity have been widely attempted to introduce various functional groups in the ZnPc backbone. We report that ZnPc nanowires (NWs) directly grown from ZnPc powder by vaporization-condensation-recrystallization process show surprisingly increased water dispersibility without any functionalization. The ZnPc NW solution exhibits highly efficient dual PD and PT effects upon the irradiation of near infrared (808 nm) laser. The dual phototherapeutic effect of ZnPc NW is proven to enhance cytotoxic efficiency according to both in vitro and in vivo experimental results. NPG Asia Materials (2012) 4, e12; doi:10.1038/am.2012.22; published online 13 April 2012Keywords: nanowire; photosensitizer; phototherapy; Zinc phthalocyanine INTRODUCTION Phototherapy, represented by photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), is an advanced modality for the treatment of malignant tumors as it is widely used for clinical cancer treatments. PDT selectively destroys neoplastic lesions using cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by light activation of the photosensitizer. 1,2 One of the crucial factors determining the PDT efficacy is the photochemical and photophysical properties of the photosensitizer. 3,4 Currently, four main classes of photosensitizer, such as porphyrin derivatives, chlorins, porphycenes, and phthalocyanines (Pcs), have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for clinical applications against cancer. 5,6 Among these, metallo-phthalocyanine has attracted considerable interest, having a photodynamic (PD) property that can be readily tuned by the type of central metal ion and the functional groups introduced as a Pc ring substituent. Zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) is known to exhibit a high PD effect as it possesses a diamagnetic Zn(II) central metal ion whose d shell is fully occupied, by which the yield of triplet excited state with long lifetime essential for the generation of ROS becomes high. 7 Moreover, ZnPc has

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significant increase in the water dispersibility of zinc phthalocyanine nanowires and applications in cancer phototherapy

et al. 2012

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“…104 One exciting finding is that SWNH aggregates are able to function as a combined photodynamic and photohyperthermic agent when zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) is incorporated in their structure. 105 The protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used to disperse these materials and, in related cell experiments, ZnPc-loaded SWNHs suppressed the proliferation of the cancer cells when irradiation was also used; the cell viability also decreased (to B34%). Meanwhile, the cell viability decreased to 59 or 68% when ZnPc alone or SWNHs without ZnPc, respectively, was used under the same irradiation conditions.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic applications of low-toxicity spherical nanocarbon materials

Wang

et al. 2014

NPG Asia Mater

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Nanocarbon materials have received considerable attention due to their unique structure and properties, which make them promising candidate materials for use in biomedical applications. In this review, we discuss the therapeutic applications of spherical nanocarbon materials, including fullerene nanoparticles, carbon nanohorn aggregates, nanodiamonds and porous carbon nanospheres, and their toxicology in biological systems. We put special emphasis on the antitumor effects of these multifunctional nanoparticles, which operate via novel mechanisms in a highly efficient manner. The low toxicities of these spherical nanocarbon materials as well as the possible effects of shape on toxicity are discussed.

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“…They are novel nanostructure carbon materials generating much enthusiasm in biomedical applications, such as drug delivery, photo-hyperthermia (due to their intrinsic therapeutic effects), and magnetic resonance analysis, due to their several advantages over other carbon materials such as single-walled carbon nanotubes. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Besides their high purity, uniform size, and absence of metal catalysts, they have an extremely large specific surface area. 8 Furthermore, their surface area can be enlarged, holes can be opened, and oxygen functional groups can be introduced by oxidation at their …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The interactions of single-wall carbon nanohorns with polar epithelium

Shi¹,

Shi

Li³

et al. 2017

IJN

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Single-wall carbon nanohorns (SWCNHs), which have multitudes of horn interstices, an extensive surface area, and a spherical aggregate structure, offer many advantages over other carbon nanomaterials being used as a drug nanovector. The previous studies on the interaction between SWCNHs and cells have mostly emphasized on cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking, but seldom on epithelial cells. Polar epithelium as a typical biological barrier constitutes the prime obstacle for the transport of therapeutic agents to target site. This work tried to explore the permeability of SWCNHs through polar epithelium and their abilities to modulate transcellular transport, and evaluate the potential of SWCNHs in drug delivery. Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell monolayer was used as a polar epithelial cell model, and as-grown SWCNHs, together with oxidized and fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated bovine serum albumin-labeled forms, were constructed and comprehensively investigated in vitro and in vivo. Various methods such as transmission electron microscopy and confocal imaging were used to visualize their intracellular uptake and localization, as well as to investigate the potential transcytotic process. The related mechanism was explored by specific inhibitors. Additionally, fast multispectral optoacoustic tomography imaging was used for monitoring the distribution and transport process of SWCNHs in vivo after oral administration in nude mice, as an evidence for their interaction with the intestinal epithelium. The results showed that SWCNHs had a strong bioadhesion property, and parts of them could be uptaken and transcytosed across the MDCK monolayer. Multiple mechanisms were involved in the uptake and transcytosis of SWCNHs with varying degrees. After oral administration, oxidized SWCNHs were distributed in the gastrointestinal tract and retained in the intestine for up to 36 h probably due to their surface adhesion and endocytosis into the intestinal epithelium. Overall, this comprehensive investigation demonstrated that SWCNHs can serve as a promising nanovector that can cross the barrier of polar epithelial cells and deliver drugs effectively.

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Fabrication of ZnPc/protein nanohorns for double photodynamic and hyperthermic cancer phototherapy

Cited by 252 publications

References 54 publications

Significant increase in the water dispersibility of zinc phthalocyanine nanowires and applications in cancer phototherapy

Significant increase in the water dispersibility of zinc phthalocyanine nanowires and applications in cancer phototherapy

Therapeutic applications of low-toxicity spherical nanocarbon materials

The interactions of single-wall carbon nanohorns with polar epithelium

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