Fabrication of ultra-clean copper surface to minimize field emission dark currents

Suzuki, C.; Nakanishi, Toru; Okumi, Shoji; Gotou, T.; Togawa, Kazuaki; Furuta, F.; Wada, Kenji; Nishitani, T.; Yamamoto, Manabu; Watanabe, J.; Kurahashi, Shingo; Asano, K.; Matsumoto, Hiroshi; Yoshioka, M.; Kobayakawa, H.

doi:10.1016/s0168-9002(00)01123-2

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This enhancement factor can be related to the detailed shape and/or the rugosity of the surface, and there is experimental evidence that smoothing the surface decreases emission. Typically, b values of several hundreds have been obtained for an unpolished stainless steel 24 or copper 25 surfaces, whereas b of several tens have been measured for titanium, molybdenium, 26 and niobium, 27 for rugosities of the Published by AIP Publishing. 120, 085105-1 order of ten nanometers or more.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Static electric field enhancement in nanoscale structures

Lepetit

Lemoine

Márquez-Mijares

2016

Journal of Applied Physics

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We study the effect of local atomic-and nano-scale protrusions on field emission and, in particular, on the local field enhancement which plays a key role as known from the Fowler-Nordheim model of electronic emission. We study atomic size defects which consist of right angle steps forming an infinite length staircase on a tungsten surface. This structure is embedded in a 1 GV/m ambient electrostatic field. We perform calculations based upon density functional theory in order to characterize the total and induced electronic densities as well as the local electrostatic fields taking into account the detailed atomic structure of the metal. We show how the results must be processed to become comparable with those of a simple homogeneous tungsten sheet electrostatic model. We also describe an innovative procedure to extrapolate our results to nanoscale defects of larger sizes, which relies on the microscopic findings to guide, tune, and improve the homogeneous metal model, thus gaining predictive power. Furthermore, we evidence analytical power laws for the field enhancement characterization. The main physics-wise outcome of this analysis is that limited field enhancement is to be expected from atomic-and nano-scale defects. Published by AIP Publishing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Static electric field enhancement in nanoscale structures

Lepetit

Lemoine

Márquez-Mijares

2016

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…Before presenting results obtained with our electrodes, it is of importance to bear in mind results obtained by Furuta et al [26,27] and Diamond [25,28]. According to Furuta's publication, the design of their electrodes are equivalent to ours.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Field emission dark current of technical metallic electrodes

Pimpec

Ganter

Betemps

2007

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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In the framework of the Low Emittance Gun (LEG) project, high gradient acceleration of a low emittance electron beam will be necessary. In order to achieve this acceleration, a -500 kV, 250 ns FWHM, pulse will be applied between two electrodes. Those electrodes should sustain the pulsed field without arcing, must not outgas and must not emit electrons. Ion back bombardment, and dark current will be damaging to the electron source as well as for the low emittance beam. Electrodes of commercially available OFE copper, aluminium, stainless steel, titanium and molybdenum were tested, following different procedures including plasma glow discharge cleaning.

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“…Second, currents can flow between polished electrodes separated by small gaps. These field emission currents [31][32][33][34] grow exponentially with the difference in potential across the gap. Trap designs that limit the size of the gap potentials are one solution.…”

Section: Laboratory Penning Trapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimized planar Penning traps for quantum information studies

Goldman

Gabrielse

2011

Hyperfine Interact

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A one-electron qubit would offer a new option for quantum information science, including the possibility of extremely long coherence times. One-quantum cyclotron transitions and spin flips have been observed for a single electron in a cylindrical Penning trap. However, an electron suspended in a planar Penning trap is a more promising building block for the array of coupled qubits needed for quantum information studies. The optimized design configurations identified here promise to make it possible to realize the elusive goal of one trapped electron in a planar Penning trap for the first time-a substantial step toward a one-electron qubit.

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Fabrication of ultra-clean copper surface to minimize field emission dark currents

Cited by 22 publications

References 10 publications

Static electric field enhancement in nanoscale structures

Static electric field enhancement in nanoscale structures

Field emission dark current of technical metallic electrodes

Optimized planar Penning traps for quantum information studies

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