Fabrication of triple-labeled polyelectrolyte microcapsules for localized ratiometric pH sensing

Ion density deviations in polyelectrolyte microcapsules: influence on biosensors

“…Although higher shell charge densities can induce shifts exceeding 1.0, the energy barrier across the shell in this case is larger than 2 k B T , which kinetically impedes ions from penetrating the capsule by thermal diffusion. The typical deviation magnitude of 0.5 observed in this paper is within the error bar of some recent experiments 29 , implying that the measured pH deviations might be negligible. It is important to note, however, that the next generation of capsule-based biosensors will rely on higher spatial resolution of ion densities for practical applications, such as the diagnosis of cancer 40 , and that the magnitude of pH deviations predicted by our modeling may become correspondingly significant.…”

“…For example, Kreft et al 21 introduced PE microcapsules loaded with pH-sensitive SNARF-1 dye molecules to monitor the local pH within the alkaline cell medium and the acidic endosomal/lysosomal compartments. Recently, triple-labeled PE microcapsules loaded with two pH-sensitive dyes and one pH-insensitive dye, were also fabricated to measure the local pH in real time in living cells 29 . Del Mercato et al 28 demonstrated that doublewall barcoded sensor capsules can be used for multiplexed a Department of Physics, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA.…”

Dual-responsive colloidal microcapsules based on host-guest interaction on solid templates

“…For Ad-responsive test, Ad (2 mg/mL, pH = 4) solution was added to the colloidal MCs. For pH-responsive test, buffer solutions of pH 1.0-8.0 were prepared according to the literature [20] and added into colloidal MCs. The disassembly process was recorded on line by CLSM.…”

Pharmacological aspects of release from microcapsules — from polymeric multilayers to lipid membranes

“…This can be implemented by designing a semipermeable capsule which would permit ions to go through its shell [108], but would protect and preserve inside the larger molecules (proteins), which are used as indicators or sensors. Recent advances include triple [109] sensing implementation.…”