“…Therefore, QT is considered as a neuroprotective agent, but its usage has limitations because of low bioavailability (Dabeek and Marra, 2019). Accordingly, several methods have been suggested for enhancement of QT bioavailability such as non-hydrogel embedding with QT (Gallelli et al, 2020), chitosan nano-micelles conjugated with QT (Mu et al, 2019), and superparamagnetic nano-silica QTencapsulation with PLGA (Wang et al, 2019), among which nanotechnology has been widely tried. We used aluminum to induce memory impairment in an animal model.…”
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with cognitive impairment. Oxidative stress in neurons is considered as a reason for development of AD. Antioxidant agents such as quercetin slow down AD progression, but the usage of this flavonoid has limitations because of its low bioavailability. We hypothesized that quercetin-conjugated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (QT-SPIONs) have a better neuroprotective effect on AD than free quercetin and regulates the antioxidant, apoptotic, and APP gene, and miRNA-101. In this study, male Wistar rats were subjected to AlCl3, AlCl3 + QT, AlCl3 + SPION, and AlCl3 + QT-SPION for 42 consecutive days. Behavioral tests and qPCR were used to evaluate the efficiency of treatments. Results of behavioral tests revealed that the intensity of cognitive impairment was decelerated at both the middle and end of the treatment period. The effect of QT-SPIONs on learning and memory deficits were closely similar to the control group. The increase in expression levels of APP gene and the decrease in mir101 led to the development of AD symptoms in rats treated with AlCl3 while these results were reversed in the AlCl3 + QT-SPIONs group. This group showed similar results with the control group. QT-SPION also decreased the expression levels of antioxidant enzymes along with increases in expression levels of anti-apoptotic genes. Accordingly, the antioxidant effect of QT-SPION inhibited progression of cognitive impairment via sustaining the balance of antioxidant enzymes in the hippocampus of AD model rats.
“…Therefore, QT is considered as a neuroprotective agent, but its usage has limitations because of low bioavailability (Dabeek and Marra, 2019). Accordingly, several methods have been suggested for enhancement of QT bioavailability such as non-hydrogel embedding with QT (Gallelli et al, 2020), chitosan nano-micelles conjugated with QT (Mu et al, 2019), and superparamagnetic nano-silica QTencapsulation with PLGA (Wang et al, 2019), among which nanotechnology has been widely tried. We used aluminum to induce memory impairment in an animal model.…”
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with cognitive impairment. Oxidative stress in neurons is considered as a reason for development of AD. Antioxidant agents such as quercetin slow down AD progression, but the usage of this flavonoid has limitations because of its low bioavailability. We hypothesized that quercetin-conjugated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (QT-SPIONs) have a better neuroprotective effect on AD than free quercetin and regulates the antioxidant, apoptotic, and APP gene, and miRNA-101. In this study, male Wistar rats were subjected to AlCl3, AlCl3 + QT, AlCl3 + SPION, and AlCl3 + QT-SPION for 42 consecutive days. Behavioral tests and qPCR were used to evaluate the efficiency of treatments. Results of behavioral tests revealed that the intensity of cognitive impairment was decelerated at both the middle and end of the treatment period. The effect of QT-SPIONs on learning and memory deficits were closely similar to the control group. The increase in expression levels of APP gene and the decrease in mir101 led to the development of AD symptoms in rats treated with AlCl3 while these results were reversed in the AlCl3 + QT-SPIONs group. This group showed similar results with the control group. QT-SPION also decreased the expression levels of antioxidant enzymes along with increases in expression levels of anti-apoptotic genes. Accordingly, the antioxidant effect of QT-SPION inhibited progression of cognitive impairment via sustaining the balance of antioxidant enzymes in the hippocampus of AD model rats.
“…Ghosh et al [ 121 ] suggested that oral treatment with quercetin-loaded PLGA might play a protective role against oxidative damage in ischemia reperfusion induced in young and aged rats [ 121 ]. Wang et al [ 122 ] layered a bioactive polymer (PLGA layers) onto superparamagnetic SiN to control the medication discharge profile. The PLGA layer on the outside of SiN can act as a gate-keeping layer to direct the medication discharge from SiN.…”
Section: Therapeutic Effects Of Polyphenols-loaded Polymeric Nanopmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The PLGA layer on the outside of SiN can act as a gate-keeping layer to direct the medication discharge from SiN. They demonstrated that SiN@QC-PLGA nanobio-composite properties improve the practical similitude to the local myocardium, permitting cell enlistment, attachment, expansion, and articulation of heart proteins, which can be utilized in anticipation of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases [ 122 ] (Table 1). In addition, a novel system of polymeric PLGA nanoparticles loaded with quercetin and fabricated via the electrohydrodynamic atomization process may have great potential in the prevention of atherosclerosis and other relative cardiovascular diseases [ 118 ].…”
Section: Therapeutic Effects Of Polyphenols-loaded Polymeric Nanopmentioning
Numerous studies document an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with a subsequent decrease in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability in different cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, and heart failure. Many natural polyphenols have been demonstrated to decrease ROS generation and/or to induce the endogenous antioxidant enzymatic defense system. Moreover, different polyphenolic compounds have the ability to increase the activity/expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) with a subsequent enhancement of NO generation. However, as a result of low absorption and bioavailability of natural polyphenols, the beneficial effects of these substances are very limited. Recent progress in delivering polyphenols to the targeted tissues revealed new possibilities for the use of polymeric nanoparticles in increasing the efficiency and reducing the degradability of natural polyphenols. This review focuses on the effects of different natural polyphenolic substances, especially resveratrol, quercetin, curcumin, and cherry extracts, and their ability to bind to polymeric nanoparticles, and summarizes the effects of polyphenol-loaded nanoparticles, mainly in the cardiovascular system.
“…Quercetin (Que) is a flavonoid that is commonly found in fruits, vegetables, leaves, and Chinese herbs. It is highly present in daily human aliment, such as onions, apple, red wine and tea, which are taken daily by human beings (Wang et al, 2019). It exerts various biological effects including antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-aggregatory, anti-aging effects (Iskender et al, 2017).…”
Quercetin has attracted more attention in recent years due to its protective role against ischemia/reperfusion injury. Quercetin can alleviate oxidative stress injury through the inhibition of NADPH oxidase and xanthine oxidase, blockage of the Fenton reaction, and scavenging of reactive oxygen species. Quercetin can also exert anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects by reducing the response to inflammatory factors and inhibiting cell apoptosis. Moreover, it can induce vasodilation effects through the inhibition of endothelin-1 receptors, the enhancement of NO stimulation and the activation of the large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. Finally, Quercetin can also antagonize the calcium overload. These multifaceted activities of Quercetin make it a potential therapeutic alternative for the treatment of ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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