Fabrication of resorcinol-based porous resin carbon material and its application in aqueous symmetric supercapacitors

Zhang, Xiangjin; Shen, Na; Yao, Zongchen; Wu, Ruoyu

doi:10.1039/d0ra01610a

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Such an origin of this effect was confirmed by the similar micropore volumes for all tested materials (values within the range of 0.18–0.23 cm 3 ·g −1 ), which clearly confirmed the presence of larger interparticle voids. The determined textural parameters were similar to the results reported by other researchers for resol-based carbon materials, which typically have BET surface areas within the range of 450–750 m 2 ·g −1 , regardless of morphology [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Tailoring Properties of Resol Resin-Derived Spherical Carbons for Adsorption of Phenol from Aqueous Solution

et al. 2021

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The polycondensation of resorcinol and formaldehyde in a water–ethanol mixture using the adapted Stöber method was used to obtain resol resins. An optimization of synthesis conditions and the use of an appropriate stabilizer (e.g., poly(vinyl alcohol)) resulted in spherical grains. The resins were carbonized in the temperature range of 600–1050 °C and then chemically activated in an aqueous HNO3 solution, gaseous ammonia, or by an oxidation–reduction cycle (soaking in a HNO3 solution followed by treatment with NH3). The obtained carbons were characterized by XRD, the low-temperature adsorption of nitrogen, SEM, TGA, and XPS in order to determine degree of graphitization, porosity, shape and size of particles, and surface composition, respectively. Finally, the materials were tested in phenol adsorption. The pseudo-second order model perfectly described the adsorption kinetics. A clear correlation between the micropore volume and the adsorption capacity was found. The content of graphite domains also had a positive effect on the adsorption properties. On the other hand, the presence of heteroatoms, especially oxygen groups, resulted in the clogging of the pores and a decrease in the amount of adsorbed phenol.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 84%

Tailoring Properties of Resol Resin-Derived Spherical Carbons for Adsorption of Phenol from Aqueous Solution

et al. 2021

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“…The absence of pores in the mesopore sizes from 2 to 4 nm in this electrode may be the reason for the inaccessibility of the pores at high current density. The specific capacitance obtained in this study is much higher compared to the values reported in literature for RF derived carbon-gels (aerogels/cryogels/xerogels) synthesised with a solvent exchange step prior to drying for retaining pores [ 17 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ], and comparable to the recent studies [ 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ] using KOH electrolyte.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Revisiting the Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature and Type of Activation on the Performance of Carbon Electrodes in an Electrochemical Capacitor

et al. 2022

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Hierarchical porous carbons are known to enhance the electrochemical features of electrodes in electrochemical capacitors. However, the contribution of surface oxygen and the resulting functionalities and wettability, along with the role of electrical conductivity and degree of amorphous or crystalline nature in the micro-mesoporous carbons, are not yet clear. This article considers the effect of carbonisation temperature (500–900 °C) and the type of activation (CO2, KOH) on the properties mentioned above in case of carbon xerogels (CXs) to understand the resulting electrochemical performances. Depending on the carbonisation temperature, CX materials differ in micropore surface area (722–1078 m2 g−1) while retaining a mesopore surface area ~300 m2 g−1, oxygen content (3–15%, surface oxygen 0–7%), surface functionalities, electrical conductivity (7 × 10−6–8 S m−1), and degree of amorphous or crystalline nature. Based on the results, electrochemical performances depend primarily on electrical conductivity, followed by surface oxygen content and meso-micropore connectivity. The way of activation using a varied extent of CO2 exposure and KOH concentrations played differently in CX in terms of pore connectivity from meso- to micropores and their contributions and degree of oxidation, and resulted in different electrochemical behaviours. Such performances of activated CXs depend solely on micro-mesopore features.

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“…But the size of the curve increased slightly as the R/W ratio decreased with the largest one at R/W = 45, as expected from the highest SSA at R/W = 45 (Table S6 † ). A small hump observed on the CV curves can be attributed to the pseudo-faradaic reaction arising from the oxygen functional moieties on the electrode surface, 43 as supported by the XPS analysis ( Fig. 2c ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…However, most studies in the literature reported a maximum SSA athighertemperaturessuchas700, 43 800 44,45 or 900 °C. 46,47 The discrepancy of our data may be explained by the 2-step process (pyrolysis and then activation) employed in this study as opposed to the 1-step process (simultaneous pyrolysis and activation) used in the literature.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical properties of an activated carbon xerogel monolith from resorcinol–formaldehyde for supercapacitor electrode applications

et al. 2021

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Fabrication of resorcinol-based porous resin carbon material and its application in aqueous symmetric supercapacitors

Abstract: Activated preparation of environmentally friendly and sustainable carbon materials and their successful application in supercapacitor devices.

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

Tailoring Properties of Resol Resin-Derived Spherical Carbons for Adsorption of Phenol from Aqueous Solution

Tailoring Properties of Resol Resin-Derived Spherical Carbons for Adsorption of Phenol from Aqueous Solution

Revisiting the Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature and Type of Activation on the Performance of Carbon Electrodes in an Electrochemical Capacitor

Electrochemical properties of an activated carbon xerogel monolith from resorcinol–formaldehyde for supercapacitor electrode applications

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