Fabrication of optical waveguides using proton beam writing

Bettiol, Andrew A.; Rao, S. Venugopal; Sum, Tze Chien; Kan, J.A. van; Watt, F.

doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2005.12.053

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…4 The relationship between the inclined angle of the slab, i.e., an incident angle and the center peak wavelength Fig. 5 The relationship between the inclined angle of the slab, i.e., an incident angle and the center peak wavelength, of the 17 slab layers parameters are simulated as follows: the refractive index of waveguide n L = 1.4778 (The material is PMMA) [8,9] which the length of the blade Bragg grating L B = 4.9001 lm. The blade Bragg grating consists of the periodic high-low refractive index, 13-19 multilayers.…”

Section: Mathematical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of blade Bragg grating modeling with different incident angle profiles for strain sensor applications

2014

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This paper presents some preliminary results of sensing properties of single-mode silica blade Bragg gratings model which is coated by a poly(methyl methacrylate). The proposed mathematic model of blade Bragg gratings consists of alternated periodic slabs waveguide with inclined angle and is analyzed by using the principle of multilayer transfer matrix for photonic crystal. By varying the incident angle, the slabs angle, the proposed model is simulated for all of the parameters, regarding to the sensor applications. The simulation results were shown and discussed. According to the simulation results, this model can be used for sensitive stain sensor applications.

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Section: Mathematical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of blade Bragg grating modeling with different incident angle profiles for strain sensor applications

2014

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“…Meanwhile, optical waveguides were successfully written inside photosensitive glass by refractive-index modification using the fs-laser. In this case, fs-laser direct writing was carried out without post-thermal treatment and wet etching [30,[35][36][37][38]. The integration of optical waveguides and a micromirror made of a hollow microplate inside the glass was demonstrated to bend the laser beam at an angle of 90 , with a bending loss smaller than 0.3 dB in a small chip [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three‐dimensional femtosecond laser micromachining of photosensitive glass for biomicrochips

Sugioka¹,

Hanada

Midorikawa

2010

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Internal modification of transparent materials such as glass can be carried out using multiphoton absorption induced by a femtosecond (fs) laser. The fs-laser modification followed by thermal treatment and successive chemical wet etching in a hydrofluoric (HF) acid solution forms three-dimensional (3D) hollow microstructures embedded in photosensitive glass. This technique is a powerful method for directly fabricating 3D microfluidic structures inside a photosensitive glass microchip. We used fabricated microchips, referred to as a nanoaquarium, for dynamic observations of living microorganisms. In addition, the present technique can also be used to form microoptical components such as micromirrors and microlenses inside the photosensitive glass, since the fabricated structures have optically flat surfaces. The integration of microfluidics and microoptical components in a single glass chip yields biophotonic microchips, in other words, optofluidics, which provide high sensitivity in absorption and fluorescence measurements of small volumes of liquid samples.Dynamic observation of microorganisms (Euglena gracilis) using nanoaquarium, which has 3D microfluidic structure, fabricated in a photosensitive glass microchip by femtosecond laser direct writing followed by thermal treatment and successive wet chemical etching.

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“…Kinds of direct-writing techniques have been reported. The section of polymer substrate that is irradiated by proton beam (Bettiola et al 2006) and electron beam (Maruo et al 1995) has an increased index of refraction compared to the unexposed area. This produces optical waveguide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism and process of fabricating fluorinated polyimide optical waveguide by CO2 laser direct-writing

Zhu

Liu

et al. 2011

Opt Quant Electron

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Fluorinated polyimide waveguides were fabricated by CO 2 laser direct-writing. The poly(amic acid) micro-region irradiated by CO 2 laser beam was studied with FT-IR micro-spectroscopy. The FT-IR spectra implied that the laser induced thermal-imidized polyimide was of optical anisotropy, and the imidization degree of exposed micro-region increased with the rising of output laser power. The increased aspect ratio of waveguide and smoothness of surface can be achieved by increasing the pre-cured temperature (below 120 • C) and writing speed, and optimizing laser power and the distance between the lens and the annular aperture. The guided light was clearly confined to the core of the fabricated waveguide, which means this technique can be used for fluorinated polyimide waveguide fabrication.

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Fabrication of optical waveguides using proton beam writing

Cited by 28 publications

References 23 publications

Characterization of blade Bragg grating modeling with different incident angle profiles for strain sensor applications

Characterization of blade Bragg grating modeling with different incident angle profiles for strain sensor applications

Three‐dimensional femtosecond laser micromachining of photosensitive glass for biomicrochips

Mechanism and process of fabricating fluorinated polyimide optical waveguide by CO2 laser direct-writing

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