Fabrication of New Demulsifiers Employing the Waste Polyethylene Terephthalate and their Demulsification Efficiency for Heavy Crude Oil Emulsions

Abdullah, Mahmood M. S.; Al‐Lohedan, Hamad A.; Atta, Ayman M.

doi:10.3390/molecules26030589

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Further, TTB-AA showed a higher ability to reduce IFT than HTB-AA. The increased length of TTB-AA alkyl chains might explain their higher performance than HTB-AA …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various studies have reported the use of AILs for the demulsification of crude oil emulsions. In our earlier work, we succeeded in synthesizing AILs and applying them to demulsify crude oil emulsions. ,,,, Herein, two novel AILs were synthesized and employed to demulsify water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions. 4-Tetradecylaniline (TA) and 4-hexylamine (HA) were reacted with tetrethylene glycol (TEG) in the presence of bis(2-chloroethoxyethyl)ether (BE) as a cross-linker, yielding corresponding ethoxylated amines TTB and HTB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and Performance of Two New Amphiphilic Ionic Liquids for Demulsification of Water-in-Crude Oil Emulsions

2023

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This work aims to synthesize and apply two novel amphiphilic ionic liquids (AILs) for the demulsification of water-in-crude oil (W/O) emulsions. To do that, 4-tetradecylaniline (TA) and 4-hexylamine (HA) were etherified using tetrethylene glycol (TEG) in the presence of bis(2chloroethoxyethyl)ether (BE) as a cross-linker, yielding corresponding ethoxylated amines TTB and HTB. The obtained ethoxylated amines TTB and HTB were quaternized with acetic acid (AA), obtaining corresponding AILs TTB-AA and HTB-AA. The chemical structures, surface tension (ST), interfacial tension (IFT), and micelle size were investigated with various techniques. The performance of TTB-AA and HTB-AA to demulsify W/O emulsions was investigated using different influencing factors, including the demulsifier concentration, water content, salinity, and pH. Additionally, the obtained results were compared with a commercial demulsifier. The results indicated that the demulsification performance (DP) increased as the demulsifier concentration increased and the water content decreased; however, increased salinity slightly improved the DP. The data also showed that the highest DPs were achieved at a pH of 7, which suggested a change in the chemical structure of these AILs at a lower and higher pH due to their ionic structure. Furthermore, TTB-AA demonstrated higher DP than HTB-AA, which could be explained by its higher ability to reduce IFT due to a longer alkyl chain than that of HTB-AA. Furthermore, TTB-AA and HTB-AA showed significant DP compared to the commercial demulsifier especially with W/O emulsions at low water content.

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“…Further, TTB-AA showed a higher ability to reduce IFT than HTB-AA. The increased length of TTB-AA alkyl chains might explain their higher performance than HTB-AA …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Performance of Two New Amphiphilic Ionic Liquids for Demulsification of Water-in-Crude Oil Emulsions

2023

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“…7,8 Different PET-based amphiphilic compounds were prepared and employed in our earlier works to demulsify heavy crude oil emulsions. 9–11…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface-modified magnetite nanoparticles using polyethylene terephthalate waste derivatives for oil spill remediation

Abdullah,

Al-Lohedan,

Faqihi

2023

RSC Adv.

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“…Much research was conducted to reveal the required conditions to coalesce and effectively improve dewatering efficiency [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. An electric field with a strength smaller than the critical value could impact the coalescence and could increase the coalescing speed of the droplets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coalescence and Break-Up Behaviors of Nanodroplets under AC Electric Field

et al. 2023

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Water must be separated from water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion because of the corrosion it brings to the relative equipment in the process of transportation and storage. It is an effective method to apply external electric field to achieve high performance of separating small, dispersed water droplets from W/O emulsion; however, the coalescing micromechanism of such small salty droplets under AC electric field is unclear. In this paper, molecular dynamics simulation was adopted to investigate the coalescence and separation process of two NaCl-aqueous droplets under AC electric field and discuss the effect of AC electric field frequency, as well as the time required for contacting, the critical electric field strength, the dynamic coalescence process and the stability of the final merged droplet. The results show that the critical electric field strength of the droplet coalescence increases with the increase of frequency, while the time required for droplet contacting becomes shorter. The shrinkage function curve was applied to characterize the droplet coalescence effect and it was found that the droplets coalescence and form a nearly spherical droplet under the AC electric field with a frequency of 1.25 GHz and strength of 0.5 V/nm. When the electric field frequency is 10 GHZ, the merged droplet presents a periodic fluctuation with the same period as the AC electric field, which mainly depends on the periodic movement of cations and anions under the AC electric field. The results can provide theoretical basis for the practical application of electrostatic demulsification technology in the petroleum or chemical industry from the microscopic perspective.

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Fabrication of New Demulsifiers Employing the Waste Polyethylene Terephthalate and their Demulsification Efficiency for Heavy Crude Oil Emulsions

Cited by 10 publications

References 42 publications

Synthesis and Performance of Two New Amphiphilic Ionic Liquids for Demulsification of Water-in-Crude Oil Emulsions

Synthesis and Performance of Two New Amphiphilic Ionic Liquids for Demulsification of Water-in-Crude Oil Emulsions

Surface-modified magnetite nanoparticles using polyethylene terephthalate waste derivatives for oil spill remediation

Coalescence and Break-Up Behaviors of Nanodroplets under AC Electric Field

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