Fabrication of multiple Bragg gratings in microstructured polymer fibers using a phase mask with several diffraction orders

Statkiewicz-Barabach, Gabriela; Tarnowski, Karol; Kowal, Dominik; Mergo, Paweł; Urbańczyk, Wacław

doi:10.1364/oe.21.008521

Cited by 28 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Since then, strong progress has been made and polymer optical FBGs (POFBGs) are now routinely manufactured, mainly using the phase-mask technique, either under static exposition [2][3][4] or with a laser beam scanning along the fiber axis [5][6][7]. Besides, the point-by-point technique has also been exploited to produce fourth order gratings In this paper, we study for the first time birefringence effects in highly reflective POFBGs, allowing us to use them for temperature-insensitive transverse force sensing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polarization effects in polymer FBGs: study and use for transverse force sensing

Sáez-Rodríguez²,

Bang

et al. 2015

Opt. Express

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Bragg gratings photo-inscribed in polymer optical fibers (POFs) are more sensitive to temperature and pressure than their silica counterparts, because of their larger thermo-optic coefficient and smaller Young's modulus. Polymer optical fiber Bragg gratings (POFBGs) are most often photo-written in poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) based materials using a continuous-wave 325 nm HeCd laser. In this work, we present the first study about birefringence effects in POFBGs manufactured in different types of fiber. To achieve this, highly reflective (> 90%) gratings were produced with the phase mask technique. Their spectral response was then monitored in transmission with polarized light. Polarization dependent loss (PDL) and differential group delay (DGD) were computed from the Jones matrix eigenanalysis using an optical vector analyzer. Maximum values exceeding several dB and a few picoseconds were obtained for the PDL and DGD, respectively. An inverse scattering technique applied to the experimental data provided an estimate of the photo-induced birefringence value arising from the side fabrication process. The response to lateral force was finally investigated for various incident directions using the PDL response of FBGs manufactured in step-index POFs. As the force induced birefringence adds to the photo-induced one, a force dependent evolution of the PDL maximum value was noticed, with a good temperatureinsensitivity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polarization effects in polymer FBGs: study and use for transverse force sensing

Sáez-Rodríguez²,

Bang

et al. 2015

Opt. Express

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“…The first FBGs in POFs were fabricated in late 1990s [17] and since then such structures have been gaining increasing attention [18,19]. In this paper, the use of Fabry-Perot interferometer formed at the tip of the polymer fiber for refractive index measurements was investigated.…”

Section: −3mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We demonstrate for the first time the FP cavity in POF created between a fiber Bragg grating and the fiber end-face. The FBG is imprinted in the fiber using the phase mask method [17][18][19] near the tip and then the tip is cut shorter to create the cavity. The measurement method proposed was similar to previous studies in silica fibers [6,9].…”

Section: −3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabry-Perot cavity based on polymer FBG as refractive index sensor

Ferreira

Statkiewicz-Barabach

Kowal

et al. 2017

Optics Communications

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The use of a polymer fiber as a refractive index sensor is proposed. A fiber Bragg grating is inscribed near the fiber tip and the fiber is cut shorter thus creating a Fabry-Perot cavity. The reflections between the fiber Bragg grating and the fiber end-face create a Fabry-Perot interferometer. The sensor was characterized to refractive index changes at constant temperature and to temperature at constant refractive index using a fast Fourier transform analysis of the interference signal. The sensor revealed a sensitivity of −1. 94 RIU −1 with a resolution of 1×10 RIU −3 and low sensitivity to temperature, with a cross sensitivity to temperature of 3. 6×10 RIU/°C −4 .

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“…Since then, through the use of different fiber types and inscription processes, a constant progress has been obtained towards the manufacturing of high quality gratings. Besides some point-by-point photo-inscriptions (fourth order gratings) [2], polymer optical FBGs have been mainly produced with the straightforward and robust phase mask technique, either under static exposition [3] or through a laser beam scanning along the phase mask [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly reflective Bragg gratings in slightly etched polymer optical fibers and their application for sensing

Caucheteur

2015

2015 17th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON)

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During the last decade, a strong progress has been made in the photo-writing of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) in polymer optical fibers (POFs), driven by the continuous wish to enhance the grating reflectivity and improve the sensing performances. In this paper, we report the photo-inscription of highly reflective gratings in step-index POFs, obtained from a slight etching of the cladding. We demonstrate that a cladding diameter decrease of ~20% is an ideal trade-off to produce highly reflective gratings with enhanced axial strain sensitivity, while keeping almost intact their mechanical resistance. For this, we make use of Trans-4-stilbenemethanol-doped photosensitive step-index poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) POFs. Both uniform and tilted FBGs are inscribed at ~1550 nm by the scanning phase mask technique in POFs. Reflectivity reaching 97% is achieved for 6 mm long FBGs. We also report that a cladding decrease enhances the FBG axial strain sensitivity while keeping unchanged temperature and surrounding refractive index sensitivities. Surrounding refractive index sensing and transverse force sensing are also reported with tilted Bragg gratings and polarization-assisted uniform gratings, respectively.

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Fabrication of multiple Bragg gratings in microstructured polymer fibers using a phase mask with several diffraction orders

Cited by 28 publications

References 32 publications

Polarization effects in polymer FBGs: study and use for transverse force sensing

Polarization effects in polymer FBGs: study and use for transverse force sensing

Fabry-Perot cavity based on polymer FBG as refractive index sensor

Highly reflective Bragg gratings in slightly etched polymer optical fibers and their application for sensing

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