Fabrication of microfluidic mixers and artificial vasculatures using a high-brightness diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser direct write method

Lim, Daniel; Kamotani, Yoko; Cho, Brenda; Mazumder, J.; Takayama, Shuichi

doi:10.1039/b308452c

Cited by 127 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Also, it has been demonstrated that fabrication of multi-depth and multi-width microfluidic channels which obey Murray's law improve fluidic control. 34 As a consequence of the design method, multi-depth and multi-width fabrication techniques are an integral part of practical strategies that must be used to have more effective transport phenomena in the microfluidic networks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a general method for obtaining the geometry of microfluidic networks

Razavi

Shirani²,

Salimpour

2014

AIP Advances

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In the present study, a general method for geometry of fluidic networks is developed with emphasis on pressure-driven flows in the microfluidic applications. The design method is based on general features of network's geometry such as cross-sectional area and length of channels. Also, the method is applicable to various cross-sectional shapes such as circular, rectangular, triangular, and trapezoidal cross sections. Using constructal theory, the flow resistance, energy loss and performance of the network are optimized. Also, by this method, practical design strategies for the fabrication of microfluidic networks can be improved. The design method enables rapid prediction of fluid flow in the complex network of channels and is very useful for improving proper miniaturization and integration of microfluidic networks. Minimization of flow resistance of the network of channels leads to universal constants for consecutive cross-sectional areas and lengths. For a Y-shaped network, the optimal ratios of consecutive cross-section areas (Ai+1/Ai) and lengths (Li+1/Li) are obtained as Ai+1/Ai = 2−2/3 and Li+1/Li = 2−1/3, respectively. It is shown that energy loss in the network is proportional to the volume of network. It is also seen when the number of channels is increased both the hydraulic resistance and the volume occupied by the network are increased in a similar manner. Furthermore, the method offers that fabrication of multi-depth and multi-width microchannels should be considered as an integral part of designing procedures. Finally, numerical simulations for the fluid flow in the network have been performed and results show very good agreement with analytic results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a general method for obtaining the geometry of microfluidic networks

Razavi

Shirani²,

Salimpour

2014

AIP Advances

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“…The Murray's law has been used for the analysis of blood vessel, tracheas, trees, and the design of circuit and fluid systems. [12][13][14] However, the formulae above have some limitations. It works only for circular tubes.…”

Section: A Biomimetic Design Of Microchannelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It obeys the rule of the minimum energy loss in order to absorb more nutrition for photosynthesis, which has been widely applied in many areas including micro-electronics, space flight, and medicine and so on in last century. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] For the microfluidic planar reactors, the minimum energy loss is also important. This is to minimize the effective power that is used to pump the fluids through the reactors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomimetic microchannels of planar reactors for optimized photocatalytic efficiency of water purification

Liao

Wang

et al. 2016

Biomicrofluidics

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This paper reports a biomimetic design of microchannels in the planar reactors with the aim to optimize the photocatalytic efficiency of water purification. Inspired from biology, a bifurcated microchannel has been designed based on the Murray's law to connect to the reaction chamber for photocatalytic reaction. The microchannels are designed to have a constant depth of 50 lm but variable aspect ratios ranging from 0.015 to 0.125. To prove its effectiveness for photocatalytic water purification, the biomimetic planar reactors have been tested and compared with the non-biomimetic ones, showing an improvement of the degradation efficiency by 68%. By employing the finite element method, the flow process of the designed microchannel reactors has been simulated and analyzed. It is found that the biomimetic design owns a larger flow velocity fluctuation than that of the nonbiomimetic one, which in turn results in a faster photocatalytic reaction speed. Such a biomimetic design paves the way for the design of more efficient planar reactors and may also find applications in other microfluidic systems that involve the use of microchannels. V C 2016 AIP Publishing LLC.

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“…33 Similarly, substituting Eqs. (24), (28), and (31) into the generalized law gives the low-aspect-ratio continuum-flow limit:…”

Section: -3mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In many lab-on-a-chip fabrication procedures (e.g., photolithograpy, wet or dry etching, or surface micromachining), the depth remains constant throughout the device, and thus the shape (i.e., aspect ratio) of the cross section must vary. A multi-depth approach to fabrication does exist, 28 but it is relatively complex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generalizing Murray's law: An optimization principle for fluidic networks of arbitrary shape and scale

Stephenson

Patronis

Holland

et al. 2015

Journal of Applied Physics

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Murray's law states that the volumetric flow rate is proportional to the cube of the radius in a cylindrical channel optimized to require the minimum work to drive and maintain the fluid. However, application of this principle to the biomimetic design of micro/nano fabricated networks requires optimization of channels with arbitrary cross-sectional shape (not just circular) and smaller than is valid for Murray's original assumptions. We present a generalized law for symmetric branching that (a) is valid for any cross-sectional shape, providing that the shape is constant through the network; (b) is valid for slip flow and plug flow occurring at very small scales; and (c) is valid for networks with a constant depth, which is often a requirement for lab-on-a-chip fabrication procedures. By considering limits of the generalized law, we show that the optimum daughter-parent area ratio C, for symmetric branching into N daughter channels of any constant cross-sectional shape, is C ¼ N À2=3 for large-scale channels, and C ¼ N À4=5 for channels with a characteristic length scale much smaller than the slip length. Our analytical results are verified by comparison with a numerical optimization of a two-level network model based on flow rate data obtained from a variety of sources, including Navier-Stokes slip calculations, kinetic theory data, and stochastic particle simulations.

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Fabrication of microfluidic mixers and artificial vasculatures using a high-brightness diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser direct write method

Cited by 127 publications

References 31 publications

Development of a general method for obtaining the geometry of microfluidic networks

Development of a general method for obtaining the geometry of microfluidic networks

Biomimetic microchannels of planar reactors for optimized photocatalytic efficiency of water purification

Generalizing Murray's law: An optimization principle for fluidic networks of arbitrary shape and scale

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