Fabrication of lotus-type porous carbon steel by the continuous zone melting method and its mechanical properties

Kujime, Toshihiko; Hyun, Soong‐Keun; Nakajima, Hideo

doi:10.1007/s11661-006-0009-y

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The gas blowing method they employed differed from the conventional techniques of porosity formation. It can thus be concluded that the porosity of the lotus-type steel foam increases with increasing partial pressure of hydrogen gas [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Internal porosity can be developed in a number of ways. Kujime et al [16], for example, applied the gas entrapment method, which involved supplying pressurized hydrogen and helium to a melted metal to produce porous carbon steel with a porosity of 26 % to 44 % and a pore diameter of 500 µm to 700 µm. Compared with the materials described in this article, their lotus-type foams had a structure with larger pores and lower porosity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The foam materials fabricated through sintering in steel containers were tested as energy absorbers. Since Kujime et al [16] reported spark erosion to be the most suitable for cutting porous carbon steel, this method was selected to prepare the specimens for metallographic examinations. The specimens, 14 mm in thickness and 16 mm in diameter, were geometrically symmetrical.…”

Section: Microstructural Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selected Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Open-Cell Metal Foams

Depczyński¹

2019

SV-JME

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The microstructure and mechanical properties of open-cell metal foams have long been studied from various angles. The materials discussed in this paper were fabricated using an unconventional sintering method and their properties are unique. An important part of the process is reduction of Fe(III) oxide, acting as a foaming agent and a space holder. Four powder mixtures were analysed: ASC100.29, ASC100.29 + C, DISTALOY SE and DISTALOY SE + C. The aim of the tests, performed with a specially developed setup, was to determine the impact energy absorption capacity of the Fe-based foams. From the results, it is clear that the metal foams can be used in many applications, including lightweight structures, filters, heat exchangers and energy-absorbing systems. Keywords: open-cell metal foams, Fe-based foams, reduction of metal oxides, space holder technique, energy dissipation Highlights • The Fe-based metal foams were produced through sintering, which is an efficient and cost-effective process. • The reduction of Fe (III) oxide by hydrogen and the addition of Cu were responsible for a uniform structure and open porosity. The average pore diameter did not exceed 100 µm; the porosity ranged from 67.9 % to 80.3 %, depending on the powder mixture composition. • The motion of the hammer striking the material was monitored using a time-lapse camera. • The Fe-based foams seem suitable for lightweight structures, energy-dissipating and energy-absorbing systems, filters, catalytic converters, and heat exchangers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microstructural Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selected Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Open-Cell Metal Foams

Depczyński¹

2019

SV-JME

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“…Kujime et al [5] and Kashihara et al [6,7] produced lotus carbon steel by unidirectional solidification using a continuous zone melting technique. [8] It was reported that the yield strength of the lotus carbon steels fabricated in a nitrogen atmosphere is similar to that of the nonporous carbon steel in the porosity range up to 30 pct, which is attributed to the solid-solution hardening as a result of nitrogen in the steel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Lotus-Type Porous Carbon Steel Slabs by Continuous Casting Technique in Nitrogen Atmosphere

Kashihara

Suzuki

Kawamura

et al. 2010

Metall Mater Trans A

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Lotus-type porous carbon steel slabs with long cylindrical pores aligned in one direction were fabricated by the continuous casting technique in a mixture gas of N 2 0.8 MPa and Ar 1.7 MPa or in N 2 2.5 MPa at various transfer velocities from 2.5 mmAEmin À1 to 20 mmAEmin À1 . The pore size in lotus carbon steel fabricated in the mixture gas of nitrogen and argon was small and homogeneous, whereas the pore size in nitrogen had bimodal distribution depending on the transfer velocity. The large pores were observed mainly at the edge of the slab, which are considered to be merged of several inclined pores. The porosity depended on nitrogen partial pressure, which is explained by Sieverts' law. The hardness of lotus carbon steel matrix increased, which was attributed to the solid-solution of nitrogen.

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“…Although this technique is a simple process, it is difficult to control the solidification velocity, which consequently prevents a uniform pore size and porosity for metals with a lower thermal conductivity [12] . In order to improve this shortcoming, we have developed a continuous zone melting technique [13][14][15] and a continuous casting technique. [16][17][18] Because these techniques can control the solidification velocity, various types of lotus metals with homogeneously distributed long pores can be fabricated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Porous Copper with Directional Pores through Thermal Decomposition of Compounds

Nakajima

Ide

2008

Metall Mater Trans A

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Lotus-type porous copper with aligned long cylindrical pores was fabricated by unidirectional solidification in an argon atmosphere. The hydrogen dissolved in molten copper through thermal decomposition of titanium hydride contained in the mold, which then formed hydrogen gas that evolved into the gas pores in the solidified copper. On the other hand, titanium may form oxides in the melt that serve as nucleation sites for insoluble hydrogen. The porosity and pore size decreased with increasing atmospheric argon pressure during the solidification, which can be explained by the Boyle-Charles law and the possible suppression of the decomposition due to external pressure. The addition of titanium hydride was more effective when it was added just before the melt solidified than when it was added to the melt. Moreover, the thermal decomposition method (TDM) is superior to the conventional fabrication method, which requires high pressure hydrogen gas. Thus, TDM is a promising fabrication technique for various lotus metals.

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Fabrication of lotus-type porous carbon steel by the continuous zone melting method and its mechanical properties

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

Selected Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Open-Cell Metal Foams

Selected Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Open-Cell Metal Foams

Fabrication of Lotus-Type Porous Carbon Steel Slabs by Continuous Casting Technique in Nitrogen Atmosphere

Fabrication of Porous Copper with Directional Pores through Thermal Decomposition of Compounds

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