Fabrication of Iron Oxide/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposite Using Creeper Blepharis maderaspatensis Extract and Their Antimicrobial Activity

Abstract

Green nanotechnology has recently had a significant influence on advances in biological applications. The surface manipulation of iron oxide NPs by zinc oxide is increasing attention for biomedical research. Therefore, this work focused on the phytochemicals of creeper Blepharis maderaspantensis (BM) water extract for synthesizing iron oxide NPs and iron oxide/zinc oxide nanocomposite. The UV spectrum analysis showed a wavelength redshift from 294 to 302 nm of iron oxide/ZnO nanocomposite, and the polydispersity index revealed that the perfect preparations of iron oxide NPs were prepared by boiling 0.25 g of the plant in deionized water then the filtrate added to ferric chloride (1:1 v/v). The HRTEM results also illustrated that amorphous iron oxide NPs are spherical and irregular in shape. However, the iron oxide/ZnO nanocomposite showed a rod shape of ZnO with an average length and width of ∼19.25 ± 3.2 × 3.3 ± 0.6 nm surrounding amorphous iron oxide NPs. Furthermore, a high antimicrobial activity with MRSA and E. coli was demonstrated by iron oxide NPs. However, because of instability and negative surface charge of the iron oxide nanocomposite, there was no antimicrobial activity. Future cytotoxic studies of the iron oxide NPs synthesized with polyphenols of BM extract are desirable, and their applications in medical purposes will be recommended.

Advances in Nanostructures for Antimicrobial Therapy

“…Green synthesized amorphous iron oxide NPs, which were fabricated using Blepharis maderaspantensis water extract, showed zeta potential of −20.9 ± 6.24 mV and exhibited strong antibacterial activity against MRSA and E. coli suggesting that they can be used for medicinal purposes [ 329 ]. Biogenic iron oxide NPs prepared using Proteus vulgaris ATCC-29905 (19.23 nm and 30.51 nm; zeta potential of 79.5 mV) exhibited notable antibacterial activity against MRSA; these NPs also were cytotoxic to U87 MG-glioblastoma cancer cells (IC 50 value of 250 μg/mL) and inhibited the cell migration of the HT-29 cancer cells [ 330 ].…”

An Analysis of Iron Oxide Nanoclusters as Antifungal Agents and In Silico Model with Lanosterol 14 α– Demethylase in Candida albicans

“…In case of 0.9 nm Fe 2 O 3 nanoclusters, they interact with THR 172, PHE 170, ASP 214 and GLU 174 amino acid residuals of 5TZ1 through hydrogen bond interaction at distances 2.49, 2.42, 2.16, and 2.10 Å, respectively and with SER 175, and ARG 215 through van der walls interactions as shown in figure 1. However, 0.8 nm Fe 2 O 3 nanoclusters interact with LEU 87, SER 507, ALA 62 and GLN 65 amino acid residuals of stituents and deoxyribonucleic acid damage [13][14].…”

“…The following is how the authors explained the ROS production in candida cells by iron oxide nanoparticles: overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) promotes organelle malfunction and apoptosis [12,13].…”