Fabrication of Hydroxyapatite with Bioglass Nanocomposite for Human Wharton’s-Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Growing Substrate

Abstract

Recently, composite scaffolding has found many applications in hard tissue engineering due to a number of desirable features. In this present study, hydroxyapatite/bioglass (HAp/BG) nanocomposite scaffolds were prepared in different ratios using a hydrothermal approach. The aim of this research was to evaluate the adhesion, growth, viability, and osteoblast differentiation behavior of human Wharton’s-jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hWJMSCs) on HAp/BG in vitro as a scaffold for application in bone tissue engineering. Particle size and morphology were investigated by TEM and bioactivity was assessed and proven using SEM analysis with hWJMSCs in contact with the HAp/BG nanocomposite. Viability was evaluated using PrestoBlueTM assay and early osteoblast differentiation and mineralization behaviors were investigated by ALP activity and EDX analysis simultaneously. TEM results showed that the prepared HAp/BG nanocomposite had dimensions of less than 40 nm. The morphology of hWJMSCs showed a fibroblast-like shape, with a clear filopodia structure. The viability of hWJMSCs was highest for the HAp/BG nanocomposite with a 70:30 ratio of HAp to BG (HAp70/BG30). The in vitro biological results confirmed that HAp/BG composite was not cytotoxic. It was also observed that the biological performance of HAp70/BG30 was higher than HAp scaffold alone. In summary, HAp/BG scaffold combined with mesenchymal stem cells showed significant potential for bone repair applications in tissue engineering.

Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite/Bioglass Composite Nanopowder Using Design of Experiments

“…The glass samples were prepared by acid catalyzed sol-gel method assisted by hydrothermal process. Chemicals with weight composition 80 mol% SiO 2 : 14 mol% CaO: 6 mol% P 2 O 5 was selected as in the previous study [17]. A brief description: hydrolysis of tetramethyl orthosilicate (TMOS, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) and phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 , Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) was catalyzed with a solution of 0.1 mol L-1 HNO 3 (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA).…”

“…HAp/BG powders were synthesized based on the method presented in our previous paper [17]. Briefly, nanocomposite powder was mixed with various proportions of synthesized HAp, and bioactive glass powder was mixed with (SiO 2 , CaO, P 2 O 5 ) compound.…”

The Effect of Liquid Phase Concentration on the Setting Time and Compressive Strength of Hydroxyapatite/Bioglass Composite Cement

“…HAp and HAp/BG powders were synthesized based on our previous papers [22,23]. Briefly: HAp nano-powder was synthesized by the hydrothermal method using Ca(NO 3 ) 2 •4H 2 O and (NH 4 ) 2 HPO 4 as starting materials, with stoichiometric ratio Ca/P = 1.67.…”

Functionalized 3D-Printed ST2/Gelatin Methacryloyl/Polcaprolactone Scaffolds for Enhancing Bone Regeneration with Vascularization

“…), ceramic, or polymer are functionalized and modified by loading inorganic salts, growth factors, or stem cells to create an osteogenic environment to improve bioactivity [ 5 ]. Bioactive inorganic salts were used to simulate the osteogenic differentiation environment of stem cells, such as borate [ 6 ], bioglass [ 7 ], and calcium silicate [ 8 ], and combined with 3D-bioprinting loaded stem cells or vascular endothelial cells to construct controllable shape and structure to simulate the internal structure of bone [ 9 , 10 ]. Moreover, two growth factors of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), BMP-2 and BMP-7, have been approved by the FDA for clinical use for more than 20 years.…”