Fabrication of hydrophobic poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): Poly(4-styrenesulfonate)/zinc oxide rod conductive film via hydrothermal method and their performance on weather stability and pH buffering ability

Scientific Importance of Water‐Processable PEDOT–PSS and Preparation, Challenge and New Application in Sensors of Its Film Electrode: A Review

“…The pristine PEDOT–PSS film for application in organic electronic and optoelectronics was easily degrade on air exposure or under the high humidity circumstances, even in the watery environments, which led to changes in properties (especially the conductivity decay) of PEDOT–PSS film . This phenomenon is very observable in electrochemical devices based on PEDOT–PSS film electrodes like chemo/bio‐sensors, super‐capacitors, chemo/bio‐fuel cells, and batteries due to the long‐term soaking in water of PEDOT–PSS modified electrode .…”

“…This phenomenon is very observable in electrochemical devices based on PEDOT–PSS film electrodes like chemo/bio‐sensors, super‐capacitors, chemo/bio‐fuel cells, and batteries due to the long‐term soaking in water of PEDOT–PSS modified electrode . The main reason is that the pristine PEDOT–PSS film is extremely hydrophilic because of the existence of the excessive water‐soluble PSS chain, which tend to swell or disintegrate significantly in aqueous media, The conductivity of the pristine PEDOT–PSS film decays with time under highly relative humidity conditions or in watery environments . Moreover, the pristine PEDOT–PSS film become much more easily crack or peel off from the surface of substrate electrode after soaking in water .…”

“…The many specific materials can possess good water resistance or enhance weather stability, even watery stability of PEDOT–PSS, which were incorporated into PEDOT–PSS film, this effective approach mainly relieves or prevents the swell or disintegration of PEDOT–PSS film, especially the conductivity decay due to the loss of a small amount of excess insulating PSS from PEDOT–PSS film, and the conformational change of the conductive PEDOT chains within PEDOT–PSS film after immersion in water . For example, A large number of materials like ionic liquids, bis(fluorinated phenyl azide), N‐(methylol acrylamide), butyl acrylate, poly(vinyl alcohol), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, multivalent cations, Nafion, zinc oxide (ZnO) rods, dimethyl sulfoxide, PDMS oligomers and curing agents have been incorporated into PEDOT–PSS films to improve their weather stability, water resistance, and water stability. Many methods such as ionic cross‐linking, physical crosslinking, and electrochemical doping have also been selected to relieve or improve the watery stability of PEDOT–PSS.…”

Low bandgap poly(thienylenemethine) derivatives bearing terarylene moieties in the side chains

“…The electrical conductivities of the polymer films were evaluated by measuring the surface resistance. 22 The surface resistance and electrical conductivities of the quinoidal polymer films before and after iodine (I 2 )-doping are shown in Table 3. The Poly-2PQ film showed a conductivity of 9.5 × 10 −7 S cm −1 .…”