“…Some well-known examples of species that have inspired biomimetic approaches that could develop water harvest systems recently are: different species of cactus [ 57 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 ], spiders and spider silks [ 80 ], Triarrhena sacchariflora [ 81 ], pitcher plants [ 82 ], such as the Nepenthes alata [ 83 ], cicadas [ 74 ], and beetles [ 56 , 79 , 84 , 85 ]. According to Li et al [ 83 ], even if cactus and spider silk have been well-studied, their gradient surfaces can only move the harvested water droplets over a limited drop-sized distance, which leads to a slow speed and limited practical use.…”