The highly efficient removal of uranium from mine tailings effluent, radioactive wastewater and enrichment from seawater is of great significance for the development of nuclear industry. In this work, we prepared an efficient U(VI) adsorbent by EDTA modified sugarcane bagasse (MESB) with a simple process. Uranium is a vital commodity for nuclear energy, using as fuel for electricity generation. However, mine tailings effluent and wastewater from nuclear industry are seriously harmful for ecological and human health due to its radiochemical and toxicological 1,2 . Moreover, extraction of uranium from unconventional resource such as seawater, which is nearly 1000 times higher than that available in terrestrial ores 3,4 , has received recent attention. Hence, the highly efficient enrichment of uranium from mine tailings effluent, radioactive wastewater and seawater is of great significance for the development of nuclear industry. Among all kinds of extraction methods, such as adsorption 1,[5][6][7] , ion exchange [8][9][10] , chemical reduction 11,12 , biological processes 13,14 and membrane processes [15][16][17] , adsorption has been widely employed to enrich uranyl form aqueous due to its low cost, simple design, and ease of operation. Recently, various kinds of organic adsorbents (such as such as amidoxime [18][19][20] ) have been developed. However, few adsorbent could be applied in all of mine tailings effluent, radioactive wastewater and seawater. The extraction is limited by some reasons: (1) in seawater 36,37 , (2) the concentration of uranium is in a wide range concentrations (mg/L-μg/L), (3) there are large amount of competing metal ions, such as sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium, and (4) adsorbent should have a great chemical and structural stability in both acidic (mine tailings effluent and radioactive wastewater) and alkaline (seawater) environment. Therefore, an adsorbent with remarkable adsorption properties and stability is necessary.Agricultural waste materials are of particular interest since they are produced in great amounts and available worldwide [38][39][40][41][42][43] . These materials represent an interesting and attractive alternative as biosorbents because of their physico-chemical characteristic, particular structure, chemical stability, and high reactivity resulting from the presence of abundance functional groups on the surface. Moreover, it is well known that agricultural waste materials are renewable and biodegradable. In the application of adsorption, the excellent performance of different