Fabrication of Grafted Carboxymethyl Cellulose Superabsorbent Hydrogel for Water Retention and Sustained Release of Ethephon in Sandy Soil

Abstract

The present study aimed to develop an efficient superabsorbent hydrogel for water conservation and slow release of Ethephon in sandy soil. Herein, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was grafted via a free radical polymerization technique with acrylamide and 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) as hydrophilic monomers. The developed CMC-g-(PAM-co-PAMPS) graft copolymer superabsorbent hydrogel was characterized by FTIR, TGA, and SEM analysis to prove the occurrence of the grafting process. Several factors affecting the grafting process were investigated, while maximum grafting (%) value reached 91%. Moreover, increasing AMPS ratio obviously improved the swelling degree of the developed hydrogel with a maximal value of 17,770%. Moreover, addition of 2% of hydrogel to sandy soil potentially enhanced the water retention by 47% compared to pure sandy soil which retained about 7% of water. Besides, increasing Ethephon ratio up to 20% significantly increased its loading (%) value up to 88%, while about 87% of Ethephon was released within 28 days in a slow and sustained manner. The results suggested that the fabricated grafted hydrogel can serve as nutrient carrier and amendment for sandy soil for advanced agricultural applications.

Micro-/Nano-Carboxymethyl Cellulose as a Promising Biopolymer with Prospects in the Agriculture Sector: A Review

“…CMC and poly 4-vinylpyridine (P4VP) hy-drogel-N, N, -methylene bis acrylamide Enhanced the urea absorption [28] CMC-PVP hydrogel Used as potential eco-friendly water-saving materials [29] The root targeted delivery vehicle (RTDV) with CMC in wheat Improvement in seed yield [30] Dual-functional redox responsive hydrogel by CMC Capture heavy metal ions in the soil [31] CMC-zein-based nanopesticide delivery system Improve adhesion and antiultraviolet properties [20] Alginate-CMC Highest encapsulation efficiency; a disease control agent [32] NPK fertilizer-CMC-acrylic acid Easier and faster diffusion of water molecules into the hydrogel, and larger water absorption [27] Citric acid cross-linked CMC hydrogels Control of insects [33] CMC is proposed as a coating agent to encapsulate zinc hydroxide nitrate-sodium dodecylsulphate-imidacloprid (ZHN-SDS-IC) for the implementation of controlled release formulation (CRF) in pesticide Creating an external gel layer on the surface of ZHN-SDS-IC-CMC as an additional barrier that slows IC diffusion. [34] Nanoemulsion edible coating using caboxymethyl cellulose This coating prevented aging caused by oxidative damage of tomatoes by maintaining the level of antioxidant enzymes.…”

“…Nutrient carrier and amendment for sandy soil for advanced agricultural applications [28] The copolymer of CMC and mixtures of different comonomers Suitable in agriculture purposes [120] Carboxymethyl cellulose/nano-CaCO 3 composite amended in the loamy sand soil on maize growth As an alternative soil amendment for agricultural applications [121]…”

Enhancing Growth and Biochemical Traits of Helianthus annuus L. Under Drought Stress Using a Super Absorbent Dextrin–Polyacrylamide Hydrogel as a Soil Conditioner

“…Recently, there has been a high interest in using highly absorbent hydrogels as water irrigation-controlled materials for agricultural uses. , Based on their significant water absorbance, which makes hydrogels resemble a natural extracellular matrix (NEM), hydrogels are advertised as biocompatible materials. − One or more three-dimensional organized plots of macromolecular networks joined by cross-linked covalent bonds or other secondary physical interactions make up hydrogels, classified as superabsorbent polymers . Also, 2% of hydrogel added to sandy soil might increase water storage by 47% compared to pure sandy soil, which held only 7% of water . A cross-linked hydrogel has shown high water absorbent for varied applications , to be used as a template, semipermeable membrane, and blend polymer hydrogelaims to use as green renewable resources to protect the environment from negative effects. − Sometimes, the hydrogel exhibits an opening structure on one side and can provide a porous opening structure on two sides, and occasionally, it is like atunnel .…”

“…7 Also, 2% of hydrogel added to sandy soil might increase water storage by 47% compared to pure sandy soil, which held only 7% of water. 8 A cross-linked hydrogel has shown high water absorbent for varied applications 4,9 to be used as a template, 10 semipermeable membrane, 11 and blend polymer 6 hydrogelaims to use as green renewable resources to protect the environment from negative effects. 12−14 Sometimes, the hydrogel exhibits an opening structure on one side and can provide a porous opening structure on two sides, and occasionally, it is like atunnel.…”

Sandwich-like construction of a new aminated chitosan Schiff base for efficient removal of Congo red

“…Owing to the natural abundance, higher efficacy, low cost, and non-toxicity of biopolymers such as chitosan (Cs), lignin, alginate, starch, and cellulosic materials, they have drawn significant interest as promising adsorbents (Abd El-Monaem et al 2022;Mokhtar et al 2020;Omer et al 2022b). Chitosan is the second amplest biopolymer in nature that is derived from chitin via a simple deacetylation process.…”