Fabrication of fine-pored polydimethylsiloxane using an isopropyl alcohol and water mixture for adjustable mechanical, optical, and thermal properties

Kwak, Yeunjun; Kang, Yong-Woo; Park, Wonkeun; Jo, Eunhwan

doi:10.1039/d1ra02466c

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…For porous PDMS sensors without nanowire loading, the sensor was compressed upon applied pressure, causing the embedded air pores to shrink. Thus, the sensor capacitance increased with the applied pressure under the combined effects of the pore thickness reduction and the dielectric permittivity increase, consequently promoting pressure sensitivity [36,44]. For ZnO nanowire-porous PDMS capacitive pressure sensors specifically, the performance in relative capacitance change was substantially better than those of the flat PDMS and porous PDMS devices.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The nanowires of different weight ratios (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 wt%, respectively) were blended with a proper amount of PDMS prepolymer (Sylgard ® 184A, Dow Corning) by vigorous stirring to form a thorough viscous solution. After ethanol removing, the prepolymer blend was mixed with a porogen solution containing water/2-propanol (volume ratio of 3:1) at 3600 rpm for 30 min for the formation of porous elastomers [44]. The solution of pure PDMS or ZnO nanowire-PDMS prepolymers with porogen was further mixed with a curing agent (Sylgard ® 184B) (weight ratio ~10:1) at 2000 rpm for 60 min in order to produce well-dispersed microdroplets in the PDMS-based solution.…”

Section: Fabrication Of Zno Nanowire-porous Pdms Capacitive Pressure Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Porous Polydimethylsiloxane Elastomer Hybrid with Zinc Oxide Nanowire for Wearable, Wide-Range, and Low Detection Limit Capacitive Pressure Sensor

2022

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We propose a flexible capacitive pressure sensor that utilizes porous polydimethylsiloxane elastomer with zinc oxide nanowire as nanocomposite dielectric layer via a simple porogen-assisted process. With the incorporation of nanowires into the porous elastomer, our capacitive pressure sensor is not only highly responsive to subtle stimuli but vigorously so to gentle touch and verbal stimulation from 0 to 50 kPa. The fabricated zinc oxide nanowire–porous polydimethylsiloxane sensor exhibits superior sensitivity of 0.717 kPa−1, 0.360 kPa−1, and 0.200 kPa−1 at the pressure regimes of 0–50 Pa, 50–1000 Pa, and 1000–3000 Pa, respectively, presenting an approximate enhancement by 21−100 times when compared to that of a flat polydimethylsiloxane device. The nanocomposite dielectric layer also reveals an ultralow detection limit of 1.0 Pa, good stability, and durability after 4000 loading–unloading cycles, making it capable of perception of various human motions, such as finger bending, calligraphy writing, throat vibration, and airflow blowing. A proof-of-concept trial in hydrostatic water pressure sensing has been demonstrated with the proposed sensors, which can detect tiny changes in water pressure and may be helpful for underwater sensing research. This work brings out the efficacy of constructing wearable capacitive pressure sensors based on a porous dielectric hybrid with stress-sensitive nanostructures, providing wide prospective applications in wearable electronics, health monitoring, and smart artificial robotics/prosthetics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fabrication Of Zno Nanowire-porous Pdms Capacitive Pressure Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porous Polydimethylsiloxane Elastomer Hybrid with Zinc Oxide Nanowire for Wearable, Wide-Range, and Low Detection Limit Capacitive Pressure Sensor

2022

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“…Porous PDMS samples were prepared using previously established protocols ( 49 , 50 ). Briefly, a soft PDMS elastomeric gel solution (see the “Preparation of a composite membrane” section) was mixed with a template solution for pores (ethanol: H 2 O = 2:1) at the final volume ratio of PDMS:template solution = 10:2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiscale stiffness of human emphysematous precision cut lung slices

et al. 2023

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Emphysema is a debilitating disease that remodels the lung leading to reduced tissue stiffness. Thus, understanding emphysema progression requires assessing lung stiffness at both the tissue and alveolar scales. Here, we introduce an approach to determine multiscale tissue stiffness and apply it to precision-cut lung slices (PCLS). First, we established a framework for measuring stiffness of thin, disk-like samples. We then designed a device to verify this concept and validated its measuring capabilities using known samples. Next, we compared healthy and emphysematous human PCLS and found that the latter was 50% softer. Through computational network modeling, we discovered that this reduced macroscopic tissue stiffness was due to both microscopic septal wall remodeling and structural deterioration. Lastly, through protein expression profiling, we identified a wide spectrum of enzymes that can drive septal wall remodeling, which, together with mechanical forces, lead to rupture and structural deterioration of the emphysematous lung parenchyma.

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“…In [ 76 ], super hydrophilicity can be achieved by soaking PDMS in isopropanol (IPA) (6, 12, and 24 h, respectively), followed by the plasma treatment with and without additives. IPA was also used as an additional solvent to produce a fine-pored PDMS, according to [ 72 ]. This is achieved at the PDMS preparation phase, specifically by mixing PDMS with IPA and water.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be mentioned that surface modification remains to be a promising approach to address the two foregoing challenges, especially surface modification with oxygen plasma [ 59 ]. For instance, in the literature [ 72 ], an approach was proposed to coat the solvents such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol (IPA), or deionized water to wet the layers after the plasma treatment to prevent hydrophobic recovery. This approach may increase the time window for the hydrophobic recovery of PDMS, thereby facilitating precise alignment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Preliminary Experimental Study of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-To-PDMS Bonding Using Oxygen Plasma Treatment Incorporating Isopropyl Alcohol

et al. 2023

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Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is a widely used material for soft lithography and microfabrication. PDMS exhibits some promising properties suitable for building microfluidic devices; however, bonding PDMS to PDMS and PDMS to other materials for multilayer structures in microfluidic devices is still challenging due to the hydrophobic nature of the surface of PDMS. This paper presents a simple yet effective method to increase the bonding strength for PDMS-to-PDMS using isopropyl alcohol (IPA). The experiment was carried out to evaluate the bonding strength for both the natural-cured and the heat-cured PDMS layer. The results show the effectiveness of our approach in terms of the improved irreversible bonding strength, up to 3.060 MPa, for the natural-cured PDMS and 1.373 MPa for the heat-cured PDMS, while the best bonding strength with the existing method in literature is 1.9 MPa. The work is preliminary because the underlying mechanism is only speculative and open for future research.

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Fabrication of fine-pored polydimethylsiloxane using an isopropyl alcohol and water mixture for adjustable mechanical, optical, and thermal properties

Abstract: A fabrication method for obtaining fine-pored PDMS is presented. Low-cost, volatile, and easily accessible IPA is used as a co-solvent in water and PDMS emulsions, allowing porous PDMS with adjustable mechanical, optical and thermal properties.

Cited by 8 publications

References 62 publications

Porous Polydimethylsiloxane Elastomer Hybrid with Zinc Oxide Nanowire for Wearable, Wide-Range, and Low Detection Limit Capacitive Pressure Sensor

Porous Polydimethylsiloxane Elastomer Hybrid with Zinc Oxide Nanowire for Wearable, Wide-Range, and Low Detection Limit Capacitive Pressure Sensor

Multiscale stiffness of human emphysematous precision cut lung slices

A Preliminary Experimental Study of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-To-PDMS Bonding Using Oxygen Plasma Treatment Incorporating Isopropyl Alcohol

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