Fabrication of Electrocompacted Aligned Collagen Morphs for Cardiomyocyte Powered Living Machines

Webster, Victoria A.; Hawley, Emma L.; Akkuş, Ozan; Chiel, Hillel J.; Quinn, Roger D.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-22979-9_43

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…[160]); d a miniature device in which cardiomyocytes are inoculated into a scaffold made of ELAC (reproduced with permission Ref. [170]); e skeletal muscle cells are implanted into a mold of Matrigel, thrombin and fibrinogen to form muscle tissue (reproduced with permission Ref. [56]); f muscle formed by a tissue culture of myoblasts and Matrigel-fibrinogen was cocultured with a complete segment of rat lumbar spinal cord to form a biological robot (reproduced with permission Ref.…”

Section: Structure and Methods Of Control Of Biohybrid Robotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The emerging technology of biohybrid micro-robots: a review

2021

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In the past few decades, robotics research has witnessed an increasingly high interest in miniaturized, intelligent, and integrated robots. The imperative component of a robot is the actuator that determines its performance. Although traditional rigid drives such as motors and gas engines have shown great prevalence in most macroscale circumstances, the reduction of these drives to the millimeter or even lower scale results in a significant increase in manufacturing difficulty accompanied by a remarkable performance decline. Biohybrid robots driven by living cells can be a potential solution to overcome these drawbacks by benefiting from the intrinsic microscale self-assembly of living tissues and high energy efficiency, which, among other unprecedented properties, also feature flexibility, self-repair, and even multiple degrees of freedom. This paper systematically reviews the development of biohybrid robots. First, the development of biological flexible drivers is introduced while emphasizing on their advantages over traditional drivers. Second, up-to-date works regarding biohybrid robots are reviewed in detail from three aspects: biological driving sources, actuator materials, and structures with associated control methodologies. Finally, the potential future applications and major challenges of biohybrid robots are explored. Graphic abstract

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Section: Structure and Methods Of Control Of Biohybrid Robotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite their high cost and low availability, many studies have attempted to use these highly active materials for biobot fabrication. Webster et al [170] inoculated primary cardiomyocytes isolated from chicken embryos into a scaffold composed of electrochemically compacted and aligned collagen (ELAC), as shown in Fig. 7d.…”

Section: Tissue-harvested Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The emerging technology of biohybrid micro-robots: a review

2021

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“…To date, there have been a small number of papers that have examined the effects of an electric field on collagen monomers [21][22][23][24], however there have been no reports on the production of films or coatings from insoluble collagen by EPD. The use of EPD to produce collagen membranes allows for the potential for production of structures that are not possible through current methods including non-planar layered structures [25], membranes with aligned fibres [23], or collagen-based actuating robots [22], as well as offering the possibility of production of collagen films with significantly greater density than produced through conventional solvent casting [26,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of free standing collagen membranes by pulsed-electrophoretic deposition

et al. 2019

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This work reports an important new development in the production of collagen membranes, based on pulsed electrophoretic deposition (P-EPD), suitable for a wide range of biomedical applications. Collagen membranes are of great interest as a biomaterial and in a range of other industries, though current production techniques suffer from limitations with scaling up, homogeneity, and complex shapes. P-EPD can be used to rapidly create detachable, large-area, homogeneous products with controlled thickness in a wide variety of shapes. We provide a new understanding of the influence of a range of parameters (pulse width, voltage, duty cycle, solvent additions) and their effects on membrane structure. Characterisation by AFM, SEM, and cryoSEM revealed the ability to produce dense, structurally defect-free membranes, and significantly, we show and discuss the ability to produce thicker membranes by sequential deposition without seeing a corresponding increase in cell electrical resistance. We anticipate this novel, rapid, and controllable method for the production of collagen membranes to be of interest for a wide range of fields.

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