Up to now, the manners for utilization of solar energy mainly focus on three aspects including photoelectric, [6][7][8] photochemical, [9][10][11] and photo thermal conversion. [12,13] Among them, the solar-thermal conversion based on direct transfer solar energy to heat is the most competitive technology for solar energy utilization and thus has become the subject of both academic research and industrial efforts. [14][15][16][17] Based on this, solar-driven steam generation shows many advantages in various fields such as seawater desalination, [18][19][20] sewage treatment, [21] and liquid-liquid separation [22,23] as well as sterilization and hygiene systems. [24] Most importantly, it can provide an ideal strategy to obtain a large amount of freshwater via seawater desalination. [25][26][27] The demand for freshwater is predicted to grow by more than 40% and two-thirds of the world's population will suffer from the lack of clean water by 2025. [28] Developing highly efficient seawater desalination is thus one of the most important technologies to address the great issue of increasingly global water resource scarcity. Traditionally, steam generation using solar energy is based on heating bulk liquid, which requires either special vacuum conditions or costly high optical concentrations. Many seawater desalination technologies such as reverse osmosis, [29] capacitive deionization, [30] and membrane distillation [31] have been reported. However, these technologies are based on the conventional route and generally rely on complicated optical concentrators for enhancing the water evaporation efficiency. In particular, during the seawater desalination process, the converted solar energy was partly used to heat bulk water or was lost to the external environment. [32,33] Therefore, it is inevitable that the efficiency of conventional solar desalination devices decreases dramatically with increasing bulk water quantity.In comparison, interfacial solar steam generation technology that localizes heating on a thin layer of water rather than the water bulk is a more competitive alternative to current solar steam generation technologies. To achieve high efficiency of solar steam generation, three main factors including efficient solar energy receiver, low heat loss, and sufficient fluid supply need to be taken into consideration. [26,34,35] Developing an efficient solar energy receiver is the most important as it directly determines the solar-thermal conversion efficiency. So far, various photothermal conversion materials with wide Developing cost-effective interfacial solar steam generation devices based on advanced structured materials for water desalination is highly desired. Herein, a high-efficiency solar steam generation based on a novel solar energy receiver of carbon black (CB)-based composite nanofiber networks with designed integrated 2D water path is reported. The receiver having a two-layer structure is prepared by a one-step electrospinning a suspension of CB particles in cellulose acetate (CA) onto a porous PET ...