Fabrication of Chlorophyll-Incorporated Nanogels for Potential Applications in Photothermal Cancer Therapy

Abstract

Nanogels have been widely used in biomedical applications, such as carriers for hyperthermia cancer treatment, drug delivery, and imaging. Owing to the enhanced permeability and retention effect, nanogels have shown a great potential in cancer therapy. In this study, sodium copper chlorophyllin (SCC), a low cytotoxicity and biodegradable photothermal agent, was copolymerized with a nanogel of N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]methacrylamide. The nanogels could produce heat under exposure to a green laser with a 532 nm wavelength. The positively charged nature of the nanogels enhanced the endocytosis of the nanogels. The cell mortality was greatly enhanced with the treatment of the SCC-containing nanogels and green light illumination. Our results suggest the potential of SCC-containing nanogels in photothermal cancer therapy.

Fabrication of Photothermo-Responsive Drug-Loaded Nanogel for Synergetic Cancer Therapy

“…We previously showed that SCC-containing nanogels based on N -[3-(dimethylamino) propyl] methacrylamide (NDPMA) possess a photothermal capacity and could be used for photo-induced hyperthermia therapy [17]. However, the cancer-killing capacity of SCC-containing nanogel could be further improved.…”

“…The selective absorption property may make green light suitable for photothermal treatment without heating surrounding tissues. Previously, our group fabricated a nanogel composed of sodium copper chlorophyllin (SCC), a photothermal agent absorbing green light, and N -[3-(dimethylamino) propyl] methacrylamide (NDPMA), a positively charged monomer [17]. After being taken up by the cells through electrostatic interactions, the cell-killing efficacy of the SCC-containing nanogel was greatly enhanced via photothermal effect.…”

Chlorophyllin-Containing Copolymers and Their Responsive Properties

“…As described in the literature, 9 the use of NMR spectroscopy was not suitable to characterize the copolymers due to the presence of paramagnetic Cu 2+ in the ChPh units. Attempts to remove or replace the copper cation with strong acids and other chelating agents were unsuccessful.…”

Self-Assembled Fluorosome–Polydopamine Complex for Efficient Tumor Targeting and Commingled Photodynamic/Photothermal Therapy of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

“…Human breast adenocarcinoma cell lines (MCF 7), murine mammary triple-negative carcinoma cell lines (4T1), mouse embryonic fibroblasts (NIH 3T3), and murine fibroblast cell lines (L929) were procured from the Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad, India. The cell lines were cultured and maintained in DMEM and RPMI medium supplemented with 10% (v/v) FBS, 1% l -glutamine, and 100 U/mL streptomycin/penicillin, in a humidified atmosphere at 37 °C containing 5% CO 2 . − …”