Fabrication of chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol and silk electrospun fiber seeded with differentiated keratinocyte for skin tissue regeneration in animal wound model

Abstract

Hybrid fibrous mat containing cell interactive molecules offers the ability to deliver the cells and drugs in wound bed, which will help to achieve a high therapeutic treatment. In this study, a co-electrospun hybrid of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), chitosan (Ch) and silk fibrous mat was developed and their wound healing potential by localizing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived keratinocytes on it was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. It was expected that fabricated hybrid construct could promote wound healing due to its structure, physical, biological specifications. The fabricated fibrous mats were characterized for their structural, mechanical and biochemical properties. The shape uniformity and pore size of fibers showed smooth and homogenous structures of them. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) verified all typical absorption characteristics of Ch-PVA + Silk polymers as well as Ch-PVA or pure PVA substrates. The contact angle and wettability measurement of fibers showed that mats found moderate hydrophilicity by addition of Ch and silk substrates compared with PVA alone. The mechanical features of Ch-PVA + Silk fibrous mat increase significantly through co-electrospun process as well as hybridization of these synthetic and natural polymers. Higher degrees of cellular attachment and proliferation obtained on Ch-PVA + Silk fibers compared with PVA and Ch-PVA fibers. In terms of the capability of Ch-PVA + Silk fibers and MSC-derived keratinocytes, histological analysis and skin regeneration results showed this novel fibrous construct could be suggested as a skin substitute in the repair of injured skin and regenerative medicine applications.

Tissue‐engineered nerve graft using silk‐fibroin/polycaprolactone fibrous mats decorated with bioactive cerium oxide nanoparticles

“…Swelling degree of scaffolds is considered as an important factor in applicability of fabricated scaffolds in tissue regeneration and engineered tissues as they can absorb and retain fluids and determined molecular exchange during cellular growth. The swelling degrees of scaffolds can be influenced by polymer interactions, surface behavior, and crosslinking density 19,28,32,33 . As expected the PCL fiber mats showed lowest SR and trivial swelling behavior at 21 ± 3% (Figure 5c).…”

“…SF was extracted from Bombyx mori ( B. Mori ) cocoons according to previously reports 28,29 . To do this, sericin was degummed from cocoons in boiling aqueous Na 2 CO 3 solution (0.5% [wt/vol]) two times for 30 and in interval times, the sample was washed several times with distilled water.…”

“…Silk fibroin (SF) is highly biocompatible and supports cellular activity without any concerns for inflammation, immune activation in the host, and eliciting rejection 26 . Besides, electrospinning produces nanofibers that have a higher surface‐to‐volume ratio, provide a suitable surface for cell adhesion, and manage their shapes by additional treatments 18,19,27,28 . As long as we know, no attempts have been performed for the preparation CNPs encapsulation in hybrid SF/PCL fibrous mat as well as conduit applicable in tissue engineering or drug delivery purposes.…”

Enzymatic Crosslinked Hydrogels for Biomedical Application

“…Most of cells in the body are placed in a three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment (1,2). The organization and geometry of these 3D structures have a great effect on the cellular charactristics incuding function,bahaviour, metabolism, and fate (3,4). By designing biomimetic 3D microenvironement through biocompatible reactions and biomaterials can profound insights into the responsible complex, mechanical and biochemical interactions, and in following fundamental biological processes (5).…”

“…(1,3,6). The high water content results in a transparent material, which is an important characteristic in the development of hydrogels for applications such as contact lens composed of crosslinked poly (hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA) and polyvinyl alcohols (PVA) (3,4). Because hydrogels have a similar architecture to the extracellular matrix and soft tissues in terms of their rubbery nature, they cause little mechanical and frictional irritation to the surrounding tissues when implanted in the body (2,6,20).…”