Fabrication of bulk Al-Co-Cr-Fe-Ni high-entropy alloy using combined cable wire arc additive manufacturing (CCW-AAM): Microstructure and mechanical properties

Shen, Qingkai; Kong, Xiangdong; Chen, Xizhang

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2020.10.037

Cited by 150 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Temperature gradient is reduced to a small scope, the heat flow no longer runs perpendicular to the substrate surface, and there is a fast solidification, thus the internal cladding layer and the upper area direction dendrite tissue show growth disorders, which are mainly in the branch crystal and the equiaxial crystal. This is different from Fe 49.5 Mn 30 Co 10 Cr 10 C 0.5 multicomponent alloy (Chew et al, 2021) and Al-Co-Cr-Fe-Ni high entropy alloy (Shen et al, 2021), as the room temperature for the microstructure of Ni-Al bronze manufactured by CMT arc additive contains a large amount of dendritic microstructure. The increase of the interlayer temperature reduces the temperature gradient during the solidification process of the molten metal and extends the cooling time.…”

Section: Microstructural Analysismentioning

confidence: 80%

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured Ni-Al Bronze Parts Using Cold Metal Transfer Process

Wang

Zhao²,

Chang³

et al. 2021

Front. Mater.

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In this paper, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the SG-CuAl8Ni6 Ni-Al bronze straight wall were studied, which was fabricated by the cold metal transfer (CMT) arc additive manufacturing technology. This Ni-Al bronze cladding layer of SG-CuAl8Ni6 is composed mainly of α-Cu, residual β phase, rich Pb phase and κ phase. The microstructure of this multilayer single-channel Ni-Al bronze straight wall circulating presents the overall periodic law, which changes from fine cellular crystals, columnar crystals to dendritic crystals with the increase of the distance from the substrate. The Vickers hardness value of the Ni-Al bronze straight wall decreases with the distance of substrate are between 155 and 185 HV0.5. The microhardness and elastic modulus of the Ni-Al bronze specimen are 1.57 times and 1.99 times higher than these of the brass matrix, respectively. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of the straight wall in the welding direction and 45° downward-sloping is greater than that of about 550 MPa in the stacking direction, and the elongation value in the welding direction is the highest. With the increase in interlayer temperature, the grain size increased gradually, and the tensile strength decreases slightly.

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Section: Microstructural Analysismentioning

confidence: 80%

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured Ni-Al Bronze Parts Using Cold Metal Transfer Process

Wang

Zhao²,

Chang³

et al. 2021

Front. Mater.

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“…Since the introduction of high entropy alloys (HEAs) [ 1 , 2 ], researchers have continuously explored the factors that affect the mechanical properties of HEAs [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. The solid solution phase is the main component of the high entropy alloy, and different phases (such as FCC, BCC, and HCP) have a great influence on the mechanical properties of HEAs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strengthening Mechanisms in CoCrFeNiX0.4 (Al, Nb, Ta) High Entropy Alloys Fabricated by Powder Plasma Arc Additive Manufacturing

et al. 2021

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In high entropy alloys (HEAs), the addition of large-size atoms results in lattice distortion and further leads to solid solution strengthening or precipitation strengthening. However, the relationship between atomic radius, solid solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening has not been discerned yet. In this work, CoCrFeNiX0.4 (X = Al, Nb, Ta, with an equi-atomic radius) HEAs were prepared by powder plasma arc additive manufacturing (PPA-AM) and evaluated for their mechanical properties. Compression and nano-indentation hardness tests showed that the HEA with Ta showed the best properties. The influence of atomic radius and solid solubility on solid solution strengthening was investigated and the main strengthening mechanism that determines the mechanical properties of the developed HEAs was analyzed. The results showed that (i) the CoCrFeNiAl0.4 alloy did not show any solid solution strengthening effect and that a clear relation between solid solution strengthening and atomic size was not observed; (ii) in both CoCrFeNiTa0.4 and CoCrFeNiNb0.4 HEAs, precipitation strengthening and grain boundary strengthening effects are observed, wherein the difference in mechanical properties between both the alloys can be mainly attributed to the formation of fine eutectic structure in CoCrFeNiTa0.4; and (iii) from the microstructural analyses, it was identified that, in the CoCrFeNiTa0.4 HEA, the location containing a fine eutectic structure is accompanied by the formation of low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs), which is also the region where deformed grains gather, giving rise to improved mechanical strengthening.

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“…Пионерской по получению высокоэнтропийных сплавов с заданной геометрией является работа [13], в которой в качестве метода получения высокоэнтро-пийного сплава Al -Co -Cr -Fe -Ni использовали технологию проволочно-дугового аддитивного производст ва (WAAM) [14,15]. В отличие от других способов с использованием порошковых материалов (например, селективное лазерное сплавление, прямое осаждение металла [16 -19]), в этой работе использованы наплавочные проволоки разного элементного состава.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Deformation behavior of high-entropy alloy system Al – Co – Cr – Fe – Ni achieved by wire-arc additive manufacturing

Иванов

Осинцев

Громов

et al. 2021

Izv. vysš. učebn. zaved., Čern. metall.

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A non-equiatomic high-entropy alloy (HEA) of the Al – Co – Cr – Fe – Ni system was obtained using wire-arc additive manufacturing technology in the atmosphere of pure argon. The initial wire had 3 conductors with different chemical composition: pure aluminum wire (Al ≈ 99.95 %), chromium-nickel wire (Cr ≈ 20 %, Ni ≈ 80 %), and cobalt alloy wire (Co ≈ 17 %, Fe ≈ 54 %, Ni ≈ 29 %). The resulting sample of high-entropy alloy was a parallelepiped consisting of 20 deposited layers in height and 4 layers in thickness. The alloy had the following elemental composition, detected by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy: aluminum (35.67 ± 1.34 at. %), nickel (33.79 ± 0.46 at. %), iron (17.28 ± 1.83 at. %), chromium (8.28 ± 0.15 at. %) and cobalt (4.99 ± 0.09 at. %). Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the source material has a dendritic structure and contains particles of the second phase at grain boundaries. Element distribution maps obtained by mapping methods have shown that grain volumes are enriched in aluminum and nickel, while grain boundaries contain chromium and iron. Cobalt is distributed in the crystal lattice of the resulting HEA quasi-uniformly. It is shown that during tensile tests, the material was destroyed by the mechanism of intra-grain cleavage. The formation of brittle cracks along the boundaries and at the junctions of grain boundaries, i.e., in places containing inclusions of the second phases, is revealed. It was suggested that one of the reasons for the increased fragility of HEA, produced by wire-arc additive manufacturing, is revealed uneven distribution of elements in microstructure of the alloy and also the presence in material volume of discontinuities of various shapes and sizes.

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Fabrication of bulk Al-Co-Cr-Fe-Ni high-entropy alloy using combined cable wire arc additive manufacturing (CCW-AAM): Microstructure and mechanical properties

Cited by 150 publications

References 44 publications

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured Ni-Al Bronze Parts Using Cold Metal Transfer Process

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured Ni-Al Bronze Parts Using Cold Metal Transfer Process

Strengthening Mechanisms in CoCrFeNiX0.4 (Al, Nb, Ta) High Entropy Alloys Fabricated by Powder Plasma Arc Additive Manufacturing

Deformation behavior of high-entropy alloy system Al – Co – Cr – Fe – Ni achieved by wire-arc additive manufacturing

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